612 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. LIV. No. 1407. 



soil are able to make their 

 normal) on less moisture and am 

 than tliey otherwise would. 



{approach 

 differently 



DIVISION OP DYE CHEMISTET 



A. B. Davis, Chairman 



E. Norris Shreve, Secretary 



The dye situation in Canada: W. F. Prescott. 



Contribution to the cliemistry of oyan-xanthen and 

 cyan-acridinium : George Heyl. In. the course of 

 researches undertaken with a view of introducing 

 into the aeridinium molecule other groups to render 

 the dye more toxic toward certain pathogenic or- 

 ganisms, it was found that a number of new dyes 

 can be produced, heretofore not recorded. The de- 

 velopment of these new dyes is accompanied by 

 structural formulae and notes on the laboratory 

 technique used. The biological value of the cyan 

 dyes is not discussed, as the biological experiments 

 are as yet incomplete. 



LaJces from phenetidin: Dr. J. C. Schmidt. 

 Phenetidin and derivatives when diazotized and 

 coupled with beta naphthol or E salt form colors 

 that range in shade from an orange to scarlet and 

 to deep maroon. Some of these pigments are solu- 

 ble, others insoluble in oils. These colors are re- 

 markable for fastness to light and brilliancy, rival- 

 ling those produced from alizarine. Their quali- 

 ties make them valuable for the manufacture of 

 lakes for printing ink, and painting purposes, var- 

 nish stains, coloring waxes and paraflhi also for 

 printing textiles. 



The synthesis of anthraquinone from phthalic 

 anhydride and lensene: E. E. Harding. The Frie- 

 del Crafts reaction for the preparation of ortho ben- 

 zoyl benzoic acid was studied extensively. Phthalic 

 anhydride reacts with benzene and aluminum chlor- 

 ide to give an unstable intermediate compound 

 which is easily decomposed to give a salt of benzoyl 

 benzoic acid. This acid is readily converted to 

 anthraquiaone by heating with sulfuric acid. The 

 yields throughout are good. The process is com- 

 mercially attractive because the raw materials are 

 abundant and comparatively low priced. Anthra- 

 quinone produced from anthracene so far has been 

 expensive on account of the cost of anthracene, the 

 removal of which from tar leaves a pitch of low 

 value. 



A direct reading spectrophotometer for measur- 

 ing the transmissivity of liquids: Irwin G. Priest. 

 This instrument has been designed to provide 

 means for rapid and convenient as well as accurate 



work, particularly in the technologic examination 

 of dye solutions and oils. It consists essentially of 

 a combination of a constant deviation wave-length 

 spectrometer and the author 's ' ' exponential ' ' or 

 ' ' vaTiation of thickness ' ' photometer. Wave- 

 length and transmissive index (" extinction coeffi- 

 cient ' ') are both read directly from the instrument 

 scales without any computation. A model instru- 

 ment constructed in the Bureau of Standards In- 

 strument Shop was exhibited at the Chemical Ex- 

 position Sept. 12-17, 1921. The instrument will be 

 fully described in a forthcoming Bureau of Stand- 

 ards publication to which reference should be made 

 for details. Interested persons may have their 

 names placed on the mailing list for this paper by 

 addressing the Bureau of Standaids, Div. IV, Sec. 

 3, Washington, D. C. 



Naphthalene sulpJwnio acids. IV. The soluiili- 

 ties of some amino salts of naphthalene sulphonic 

 acids: H. Wales. Solubilities of the salts of alpha 

 and beta naphthylamine with some naphthalene sul- 

 phonic acids have been determined between 25° and 

 98° C. Allotropie changes are indicated for two of 

 the salts and an interesting relation between the 

 solubility and structure of a series of isomers is 

 shown. 



The preparation of alpha gamma quinolines. I. 

 S, 4 dimethyl, 6 ethoxy quinoline: An improved 

 method for its preparation and a study of the con- 

 densation: S. Palkin and M. Harris. A study 

 has been made of the conditions affecting the yield 

 and quality of 2, 4 dimethyl, 6 ethoxy quinoline as 

 prepared by the Beyer (Pfitzinger) synthesis for 

 alpha gamma quinolines. Tolerance toward water 

 and temperature variation 'and effect of oxidation 

 in the synthesis; also relative effectiveness of puri- 

 fication reactions introduced by Mikeska for the re- 

 covery of pure base have been investigated. BoU- 

 ing range curves (at 30 mm.) for the base at dif- 

 ferent stages of purification have been worked out. 

 One of the principal difficulties incident to the re- 

 covery of the base from the reaction mixture, has 

 been overcome by the application of a steam treat- 

 ment rendering possible the elimination of tedious 

 extractions or steam distillations. An improved 

 process (depending on the Beyer-Pfitzinger synthe- 

 sis) for 2, 4 dimethyl, 6 ethoxy quinoline, is de- 

 scribed, which is much simpler of manipulation, re- 

 quires less time to carry out, is adaptable to larger 

 scale operation, and yields 10 to 15 per cent, more 

 pure base than by the former method. 



Charles L. Parsons, 



Secretary 



