206 



SCIENCE 



[Vol. LV, No. 1417 



medicine, the first meeting of which was held 

 on December 9. Dr. Melis was appointed presi- 

 dent, and Dr. Muls of Brussels, secretary. 



Db. Ella B. Eveeitt, professor of gyne- 

 cology at the Woman's Medical College, Phila- 

 delphia, was killed on January 24 when her 

 automobile collided with a motor truck. 



The Yale Alumni News writes: "The late 

 Professor Joseph Paxson Iddings, of the United 

 States Geological Survey, a graduate of the 

 Sheffield Scientific School in the Class of 1877, 

 and who had a distinguished career as a teach- 

 er and research worker in the field of petrology, 

 was always greatly interested in the work of 

 petrology at Yale, and especially in the work 

 of his friend, the late Professor Pirsson. Dr. 

 Iddings gave, some years ago, the Silliman 

 Lectures at Yale University, and he was for 

 many years connected with the University of 

 Chicago as professor of petrology. Through a 

 gift from his sister, Mrs. Estelle Iddings, 

 Cleveland, the entire portion of Dr. Iddings' 

 estate, amounting to over $25,000, has been 

 presented to the Board of Trustees of the 

 Sheffield Scientific School, the income of this 

 fund to be used for the promotion of research 

 work in petrology. During the life of one per- 

 son a portion of the income of this fimd will 

 not be available, but there will be established 

 for the next university year a scholarship of 

 $500 open to a properly qualified student in the 

 graduate school of the university competent to 

 carry on research work in petrology. This 

 scholarship is to be known as the Joseph Pas- 

 son Iddings Scholarship in Petrology. The 

 award of this scholarship is, by the terms of 

 the gift, in the hands of a committee composed 

 of the director of the Sheffield Scientific School 

 and the professor of geology, who is a member 

 of the Governing Board of the Sheffield Scien- 

 tific School." 



Attention is called in Nature to the fact 

 that on January 2 occurred the centenary of 

 the birth of Rudolf Julius Emmanuel Clausius, 

 the distinguished mathematical physicist and 

 the predecessor of Hertz in the chair of natural 

 philosophy at Bonn. The son of a pastor 

 and schoolmaster, Clausius was born at Koslin, 



in Pomerania, and after attending the gym- 

 nasium at Stettin, spent four years at Berlin, 

 where he studied under Dirichlet, Steiner, Dove, 

 and Magnus. Before going to Bonn he held 

 appointments at the Royal Artillery School, 

 Berlin, Ziirieh Polyteelmic, and Wurzburg Uni- 

 versity. Recognized as one of the founders of 

 the science of thermo-dynamics, it was in his 

 memoir to the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 

 1850 that he re-stated Carnot's principle in its 

 correct form. To him is also due the concep- 

 tion of entropy. His chief work, "Die Meehan- 

 ische Warmetheorie," appeared in 1867. The 

 kinetic theory of gases and the theory of elec- 

 trolysis also owed much to his labors. He was 

 called to Bonn in 1869, served as Rector of 

 the University during 1884-85, and died there 

 on August 24, 1888. 



The House of Representatives has passed the 

 Lampert bill to increase the salaries of the chief 

 or principal examiners of the Patent Office 

 from $2,700 to $3,900 per year and those of 

 the assistant examiners by amounts ranging 

 from $150 to $900 per year. The bill pro- 

 vides an increase of force to the extent of one 

 law examiner, 26 assistant examiners, and 22 

 clerks. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 NOTES 



The will of Amos F. Eno, disposing of 

 $13,000,000 or more, is declared invalid by a 

 surrogates' court jury on the ground that Mr. 

 Eno was of unsound mind when he executed it. 

 It is the second time the will has been declared 

 invalid in surrogate's court, the appellate divi- 

 sion having ordered a retrial. The will was 

 executed in June, 1915, two months before Mr. 

 Eno's death. His estate has increased since 

 then, so that the distribution under the docu- 

 ment now would have been approximately: 

 Columbia University, between $5,000,000 and 

 $6,000,000; other institutions, $3,000,000, and 

 relatives, $4,600,000. Besides the residuary 

 bequest to Columbia University Mr. Eno be- 

 queathed to New York University, the Amer- 

 ican Museum of Natui'al History, the Metro- 

 politan Museum of Art and other institutions, 

 $250,000 each. The largest cash beneficiary 



