SCIENCE 



A Weekly Journal devoted to the Advancement 

 of Science, publishing the official notices and 

 proceedings of the American Association for th« 

 Advancement of Science, edited by J. McKeen 

 Cattell and published every Friday by 



THE SCIENCE PRESS 



1 I Liberty St., Utica, N. Y. Garrison, N. Y. 



New York City: Grand Central Terminal 



Annual Subscription, $6.00. 



Single Copies, 15 Cts. 



Entered as second-class matter January 21, 1922, at the 

 Post Office at Utica, N. Y., under the Act of March 3, 1879. 



Vol. LV May 26, 1922 No. 1430 



CONTENTS 

 The Aims and Boundaries of Physiology: 

 Sir "Walter Fletcher 5.51 



T etrachromatic Vision a7id the Development 

 Theory of Color: Dr. Christine Ladd- 

 Fbanklin 555 



Scientific Events: 



Statistics of the Alasha Fisheries for 1931; 

 Fellowships of the National Research Coun- 

 cil; Review of Applied Mycology ; The Pub- 

 lication of Scientific Papers; The Grants 

 for Research of the National Academy of 

 Sciences 561 



Scientific Notes and News 563 



University and Educational Notes 565 



Discussion and Correspondence : 



The Cytology of Vegetable Crystals: Pro- 

 fessor E. C. Jeffrey. River Bank Move- 

 ments due to the Earth's Rotation: Pro- 

 fessor Ellen Hayes. The Decomposition 

 of Tungsten : Dr. Gerald L. Wendt 566 



Scientific BooTcs: 



Recent Worlc on Soil Acidity and Plant 

 Distribution: Dr. Edgar T. Wherry 568 



Special Articles: 



The Einstein Equations for the Solar Field 

 from the Newtonian Point of View: Pro- 

 fessor Luther Pfahler Eisenhart 570 



The American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science: 



Section F — Zoological Sciences: Professor 

 Herbert "W. Band. Section G — Botanical 

 Sciences: Professor Robert W. Wylie. 

 Section I — Psychology: Professor Prank 

 N. Freeman. Section — Agriculture: 

 Professor P. E. Brown 572 



THE AIMS AND BOUNDARIES OF 

 PHYSIOLOGY! 



Physiology, as the passing generation has 

 known it, took shape and established its boun- 

 daries in this country just fifty years ago, 

 when, shaking off its long subordination to 

 anatomy, it was brought to a new life of recog- 

 nition and progress. The seventeenth century 

 had seen England famous for her school of 

 physiologists, leading the rest of the continent 

 in experimental results and in new ideas. 

 Working upon the foundations laid by Harvey, 

 that brilliant group at Oxford — Boyle, Lower, 

 Mayow, Willis— had brought new light to the 

 study of the living body. Nor was their service 

 only recognized by fellow-workers abroad or 

 by those that came after. Their names and 

 fame were on fashionable lips; like that of 

 their predecessor Harvey himself, under 

 Charles I, and of that other Cambridge phil- 

 osopher Glisson, their immediate contemporary, 

 their work was aided by the direct interest and 

 favor of the sovereign. But, during the 

 eighteenth century and the earlier part of the 

 nineteenth, eclipse fell upon the light that had 

 thus burned so brightly, though isolated gleams 

 shone here and there. James Jurin, under 

 George II, applied the Newtonian principles to 

 calculating the work done by the heart and to 

 other problems of the body, but his efforts to 

 lay true and exact foundations for the study 

 of disease were premature in the absence of ex- 

 perimental data. Stephen Hales, chaplain to 

 the future George III, made the first measure- 

 ments of blood pressure in his garden at Ted- 

 dington, and made many far-reaching observa- 

 tions of the first importance; but, as he .wrote, 

 there was indeed "abundant room for many 

 heads and hands to be employed in the work, 



1 From the address of the president of the Sec- 

 tion of Physiology at the Edinburgh Meeting of 

 the British Association for the Advancement of 

 Science. 



