June 9, 1922] 



SCIENCE 



617 



the Sorbonne, Paris, that be has undertaken to 

 direct the publication of a collection of photo- 

 graphic albums of the French regions. About 

 sixty albums of fifteen plates each are project- 

 ed, each picture to be chosen by Professor de 

 Martonne, and to have about four lines of 

 descriptive text. A high-grade mechanical 

 reproduction is contemplated. Each picture 

 will be reproduced in the form of a lantern 

 slide. The publisher is Baudiniere, 23 rue du 

 Caire, Paris. 



ing and Architecture at the University of Min- 

 nesota. 



Dr. E. p. Churchill has been promoted 

 from the position of assistant professor of 

 zoology in the University of South Dakota to 

 the professorship of zoology. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 NOTES 



Dr. Howard M. Raymond has been appoint- 

 ed president of the Armour Institute of Tech- 

 nology, filling the office that was made vacant 

 by the death of Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus last 

 year. Since the death of Dr. Gunsaulus, Dr. 

 Raymond had been serving as acting ijresident. 

 He has been with the institute for twenty- 

 seven years, and since 1903 he has been dean 

 of engineering. 



Arthur J. Wood, professor of railway me- 

 ehanical engineering, has been appointed to 

 succeed Professor E. A. Fessenden as head of 

 the department of mechanical engineering at 

 the Pennsylvania State College. Professor 

 Fessenden goes to the Rensselaer Polytechnic 

 Institute. 



De. Wallace Craig, professor of philosophy 

 and psychology in the University of Maine, has 

 resigned. He will spend a half year in Great 

 Britain and Germany. Dr. H. M. Halverson, 

 of Clark University, has been appointed pro- 

 fessor of psychology' in the University of 

 Maine. 



De. Carroll C. Pratt, instructor in experi- 

 mental psychology at Clark University, has 

 been appointed instructor in psychology at 

 Harvard University, where he will be asso- 

 ciated in the laboratory with Dr. Langfeld and 

 Dr. Boring. Dr. Floyd H. Allport, instructor 

 in psychology at Harvard has been called to 

 an associate professorship at the University of 

 North Carolina. 



Associate Professor Jacob 0. Jones, of 

 the department of mechanics at the University 

 of Kansas, has been appointed associate pro- 

 fessor of hydraulics in the College of Engineer- 



DISCUSSION AND CORRESPOND- 

 ENCE 

 THE THERMEL 



In the early literature thermoelectric gener- 

 ators were classified, regardless of use or char- 

 acter, according to the number of their parts, 

 into thermocouples and thermopiles. Some 

 years ago, when it became clear that thermoelec- 

 tric thermometers of widely differing complex- 

 ity were going to be frequently used inter- 

 changeably or in combination, it seemed desir- 

 able to have a single not too lengthy name for 

 them. The word "thermoelement," though not 

 fully satisfactory, seemed to be the only word 

 in use which would answer, and was accordingly 

 proposed, in a paper from this laboratory, as 

 a shorter synonym for thermoelectric thermom- 

 eter. Its rather wide adoption indicates that 

 the idea of a single short name for all ther- 

 moelectric thermometers is generally welcome, 

 but the somewhat equivocal term, thermoele- 

 ment, has been the means of some confusion. 

 Leading writers, even, have spoken of such 

 things as "multiple thermo-couples," "thermo- 

 couple elements," "a multiple thermo-cow^^^e of 

 four elements." 



It therefore has seemed Ijetter to use the 

 modified form "thermel." Logically, this may 

 be taken as an abbreviation either' of "thenno- 

 element," or of "thermoelectric thermometer," 

 both now in use. It is a handier Avord, even, 

 than "thermometer" itself, and has received 

 considerable approval. Since there appears to 

 be, unfortunately, no authoritative body to 

 which new teiTQs can be referred for acceptance 

 or rejection, we in this laboratory are taking 

 the responsibility of using thermel in our pub- 

 lications, and recommend its general use. A 

 thermel, then, may be a single thei-mocouple, or 

 a multiple thermel or thermopile, containing 

 more than one couple. Its distinguishing 

 characteristic lies in being used for temperatui-e 



