PINUS, OR THE TRUE PINES. 65 



iingular on the inner face, rounded on the outer one, and quite 

 entire on the margins. Sheaths on the young leaves nearly an 

 inch long, and composed of distant, sharp-pointed, loosely im- 

 bricated scales, silky at the edges, wliilc those on the adult 

 leaves are much wrinkled, half an inch long, more or less fur- 

 nished with distant scales, and jagged at the ends. Branchlets, 

 rather slender, very leafy, and furnished with a broad, acute- 

 pointed scale at the base of each sheath of leaves, when young. 

 JBuds covered with imbricated, resinous scales. Cones, from 

 two to two and a half inches long and one and a half inch 

 broad near the base, conical in shape, ashy-gray in colour, and 

 very much resembling those of Pinus sylvestris in size, shape, 

 and general appearance ; scales very small, mostly equal in size, 

 except those at the base of the cone, which are smallest, while 

 those on the outer or exposed part are much the largest, more 

 elevated or thickened at the points, and sometimes slightly re- 

 curved ; protuberances rounded on the lower scales, keeled on 

 the upper ones, and all of them terminated by a large, dark, 

 blunt point. 



A middle-sized tree, from the higher mountains of Mexico. 



Page 200. 



Pinus longifolia, Roxburgh, the Long-leaved Indian Pine. 



This species attains to a height of from 60 to 100 feet, and 

 is confined in a great measure to the outer or lower ranges of 

 the mountains, commencing as low as 1,000 feet above the level 

 of the sea, and rarely, if ever, attains a greater elevation than 

 7,000 feet, but appears to have a very great power of enduring 

 variations of climate ; for it seems equally at home in the hot, 

 damp valleys of Sikkim as on the dry, stony hills of the Pun- 

 jab, where rain hardly ever falls, and it is at all seasons exposed 

 to a powerful and scorching sun. It is very common through- 

 out the whole region of the Punjab, and as far to the east as 

 Bhotan, occurring in all intermediate altitudes, and where, from 

 the diversity of climate and different aspects in which it grows, 

 it is known under various names. On the upper banks of the 

 Jhelum river it is styled by the people "Anunder;'' and 



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