SCIENCE 



Friday, Jxh^y 5, 1912 



CONTENTS 



The American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science: — • 

 Disease Carriers: Pbopessoe F. Gr. NovT . . 1 



Concerning Nomina Conservanda, and a Refer- 

 endum to all Zoologists 10 



The Sainey African Collection 11 



The Twelfth International Geological Congress 12 



Scientific Notes and News 12 



University and Educational News 15 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Priority vs. Nomina Conservanda: De. E. P. 

 Felt. A Hermaphrodite Shad in the Dela- 

 ware: Henry W. Fowler 17 



University Control: — 

 Letters from the University of Pennsyl- 

 vania; Letters from the Johns Hopkins 

 University 19 



Scientific BooTcs: — 

 Nansen's In Northern Mists: General A. 

 W. Greelt. Whymper on Cocoa and Choco- 

 late : Db. Heney LEFrMANN 28 



Special Articles: — 



Elm Leaf Curl and Woolly Aphid of the 

 Apple: Edith M. Patch. A Method for 

 the Removal of the Toxic Properties from 

 Cottonseed Meal : W. A. Withers, B. J. Kay 30 



Societies and Academies: — 



The Academy of Science of St, Louis: Peo- 

 FESSOR Geoege T. Moore 32 



MSS. intended for publication and boolcs, etc., intended for 

 review sliould be aent to the Editor of Scikmce, Garrisos-oo- 

 Iludson, N. Y. 



DISEASE CABSIEBS"- 



The past two decades have witnessed 

 many notable achievements in medicine, 

 chief among which, as regards the infec- 

 tious diseases, stand the discovery of the 

 curative sera, and the more recent discov- 

 ery of specific chemical agents for the 

 treatment and cure of disease. The real, 

 ultimate goal toward which the research 

 work bearing on human and animal infec- 

 tions points is, and must be, the cure of the 

 afflicted. No royal road leads to the de- 

 sired end, but instead numberless trails 

 must be blazed which too often lead seem- 

 ingly to nowhere. While the crowning 

 achievement, the direct conquest of disease, 

 is the aim, the investigator from the begin- 

 ning has endeavored to accomplish essen- 

 tially the same result by preventive means. 

 The search for the cause of disease, the 

 recognition of the portals of entry and exit, 

 the perfecting of methods of disinfection, 

 and the development of preventive inocula- 

 tion served to build up a fairly effective 

 basis for prophylaxis. These methods 

 would, indeed, have sufSeed had the earlier 

 views regarding the spread of disease been 

 correct. The general knowledge regarding 

 the highly contagious diseases made it seem 

 probable that all infections were spread, 

 more or less directly, from the sick to the 

 healthy, and as a result preventive meas- 

 ures were applied to the patient and to his 

 immediate surroundings. The outcome, 

 however, was not always satisfactory and 

 the reason is not difficult to see. Fully as 



' Address of the vice-president and chairman of 

 Section K, American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science, December 29, 1911. 



