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SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXVI. No. 921 



our actions. It should determine our rules 

 of conduct. It should stimulate the indi- 

 vidual in making the most possible out of 

 himself. It teaches the necessity of keep- 

 ing the body in the most perfect condition, 

 and that a sound mind is found only in a 

 sound body, because the former is only a 

 product of the latter. Much has been said 

 about the influence of mind on matter, 

 while science demonstrates the influence of 

 matter on mind, because the two are one 

 and indivisible. The individual who abuses 

 his body commits a sin not only against 

 himself, but against the race of which he is 

 an individual unit. The man who takes a 

 material advantage over a fellow debases 

 himself and sins against his kind. A gov- 

 ernment which fails to secure for its 

 humblest citizens proper and sufficient 

 food, sanitary shelter and means for intel- 

 lectual growth can not properly claim to be 

 for the benefit of the people, nor for the 

 advancement of the race. The failure of 

 our own government to do equal justice to 

 all has given rise to the present widespread 

 discontent. Law and justice are by no 

 means synonymous. The time will come 

 when the unlimited inheritance of prop- 

 erty, like that of the inheritance of power, 

 will be regarded as a relic of ignorance and 

 barbarism. The acquisition of valuable, 

 natural resources such as mineral deposits 

 and forests by individuals and corporations 

 should no longer be permitted, and those 

 thus held should be subject to government 

 control. No man accumulates great wealth 

 by his own unaided effort. One buys a 

 large tract of land which becomes highly 

 valuable by the extension of a city, another 

 is able to utilize a scientific discovery, in 

 some industry, while a third finds oppor- 

 tunity to employ new machinery and by 

 these and similar means great wealth is 

 accumulated. This is not only legitimate, 

 but when properly done is praiseworthy. 



The man who adds to the world's wealth 

 makes life less burdensome, improves the 

 facilities of transportation, adds to com- 

 merce, opens up new and profitable indus- 

 tries, increases the wages of labor and does 

 these things without oppressing those who 

 serve him is a benefactor to his race. The 

 time will come when great captains of in- 

 dustry will be counted among the heroes of 

 the nation, but the unlimited inheritance 

 of wealth will not be permitted. Men will 

 build fortunes which will not be employed 

 to debauch their children, but will go to 

 improve the conditions of life among the 

 people as a whole. Intelligent men among 

 those who have amassed great fortunes are 

 already seeing this matter in its proper 

 light. Mr. Carnegie has announced his 

 desire to wisely distribute his property be- 

 fore his death, and the late Dr. Pearsons 

 succeeded in distributing his millions and 

 dying poor. 



The conditions of life are compelling 

 men to be brothers and ultimately they 

 must largely stifle out of existence the gross 

 forms of selfishness which still are so 

 plainly evident. The urban resident must 

 depend upon the city for his water supply 

 and even the courts, so slow to progress, are 

 beginning to recognize that the citizen has 

 a just cause for action against the city if 

 he or a member of his family becomes in- 

 fected through the water supply. The de- 

 dependence of the individual upon the com- 

 munity and the duty of the community to 

 the individual are being realized now as 

 never in the past. The relation between 

 ignorance, poverty and squalor on the one 

 hand and knowledge, efficiency and proper 

 living on the other is so plainly seen that it 

 can no longer be disregarded by those who 

 control our governmental affairs, both gen- 

 eral and local. The morbidity and mor- 

 tality rates in the slums of some of our 

 great cities should shame us, and since dis- 



