OCTOBBB 4, 1912] 



SCIENCE 



433 



and Ichneumon flies, by H. L. Vierick, of 

 the Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department 

 of Agriculture. In this paper Mr. Vierick 

 describes twenty-one new genera and fifty- 

 seven new species of Ichneumon flies, one 

 new genus of which is named after Dr. Marcus 

 Benjamin, editor of the publications of the 

 TJ. S. National Museum. 



UNIVEBSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS 

 Mr. T. Jefferson Coolidge has given $50,000 

 for the construction of one of the buildings 

 for the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Uni- 

 versity. 



It is announced that the Graduate School 

 buildings of Princeton University, now in the 

 course of erection, will in all probability be 

 formally opened in June, 1913, instead of the 

 following September, as originally planned. 



The original purpose of American colleges 

 was mainly to train men for the ministry, but 

 at present Harvard gives to this profession 

 barely 2 per cent, of its graduates; Yale now 

 contributes 3 per cent. This and other 

 changes in the professions favored by college 

 graduates are described in a bulletin by 

 Bailey B. Burritt on " Professional Distribu- 

 tion of University and College Graduates," 

 just issued by the United States Bureau of 

 Education. The decline in the numbers going 

 into the ministry has been accompanied by a 

 rise in the professions of teaching, law and 

 business. All three have been more or less 

 consistent gainers at the expense of the min- 

 istry. At Harvard the ministry yielded the 

 leadership to law after the revolutionary war, 

 and law remained the dominant profession of 

 Harvard graduates until 1880, when business 

 took the lead. At Tale the ministry competed 

 successfully with law until after the middle of 

 the nineteenth century, when law took the as- 

 cendency and kept it until 1895, being then 

 displaced by business. At the University of 

 Pennsylvania one fourth of the graduates used 

 to go into the ministry; now about one fiftieth 

 do so. Oberlin College, founded with strong 

 denominational tendencies, shows the same 

 story of the decline in numbers of men going 



into the ministry. At the University of Mich- 

 igan, out of over 15,000 graduates, only 188 

 have become ministers. Aside from their con- 

 tributions to the clergy, most of the univer- 

 sities and colleges have had favorite profes- 

 sions. At Columbia, Dartmouth and Michi- 

 gan, for instance, it is law; at Pennsylvania it 

 is medicine; at Oberlin, Wisconsin, and many 

 others, particularly the co-educational institu- 

 tions, it is teaching. A final summary of 37 

 representative colleges shows that teaching is 

 now the dominant profession of college gradu- 

 ates, with 25 per cent.; business takes 20 per 

 cent.; law, which took one third of all the 

 graduates at the beginning of the nineteenth 

 century, now claims but 15 per cent. ; medicine 

 takes between 6 and 7 per cent, and seems 

 to be slightly on the decline; engineering is 

 slowly going up, but still takes only 3 or 4 per 

 cent.; while the ministry takes 5 or 6 per 

 cent. 



With the appointment of Prank B. Moody, 

 assistant state forester of the Wisconsin for- 

 est service, the University of Wisconsin has 

 taken the first steps toward the formation of 

 a course in forestry. Mr. Moody is a gradu- 

 ate of Bates College, Maine, and of the for- 

 estry school of the University of Michigan. 

 Mr. Moody's main work will be to organize a 

 school for forest rangers and to give the 

 courses on woodlot management in the uni- 

 versity. The forest rangers' course will con- 

 sist of two sessions of six months each ex- 

 tending over a period of two years. One half 

 of each session will be spent at the univer- 

 sity during the fall and winter, the other half 

 in the field during the spring and summer, 

 where instruction will be given by direct 

 practical work on the state forest lands. It is 

 expected the new course will be ready for stu- 

 dents by January first, 1913. 



Among promotions in the faculty of Ober- 

 lin College is that of Dr. George David Hub- 

 bard, to be professor of geology on permanent 

 appointment and head of the department. 

 Among the new appointments the most im- 

 portant is that of Dr. Alan W. C. Menzies as 

 permanent head of the department of chem- 



