JOURNAL AND PROCEEDINGS. 75 
3. This Equinoctial circle extended to the heavens is called the 
Celestial Equator or “‘ Equinoctial ;’ when the sun appears on this 
line, as it does in March and December, the days and nights are of 
equal length. 
4. Ecliptic-—Vhe Ecliptic is the sun’s apparent path through 
the heavens. The Ecliptic cuts the Equinoctial at an angle of 23 
degrees, 7 ; 
5. Zodiac.—The Zodiac is a girdle extending 8 degrees on each 
side of the Ecliptic. In this space of 16 degrees all the planets 
move. ‘This Zodiac is divided into 12 parts of thirty degrees each, 
called the Signs. 
NORTHERN SIGNS. 
Spring. Summer. 
Aries (the Ram) March. Cancer (the Crab) June. 
Taurus (the Bull) April. Leo (the Lion) July. 
Gemini (the Twins) May. Virgo (the Virgin) August. 
SOUTHERN SIGNS. 
Autumn. Winter. 
Libra (the Balance) September. Capricornus (the Goat) Decem’r. 
Scorpio (Scorpion) October. Aquarius (Water-bearer) January 
Sagittarius, November. Pisces (the Fishes) February. 
6. Colures is the dividing line of the Ecliptic into four equal 
parts, thus making the seasons. 
7. HHorizon.—There is the sensible horizon, which is the boun- 
dary line to our vision, and there is the true horizon, which is the 
circle as on a globe, dividing the globe into two hemispheres. 
8. Nadir and Zenith are the poles of the horizon; the Zenith 
is exactly overhead, the Nadir is exactly underfoot. 
9. Azimouth Circles are lines or circles drawn at right angles to 
the horizon, to the Zenith or Nadir points. 
10. Meridians are lines passing through the poles at right 
angles to the equator. Whilst every place has a meridian, there are 
but twelve meridians upon the globe, the rst passing through Green- 
wich, Eng., from which all the British calculations are made. ‘The 
Canadian tabulations are made from the 75th meridian, a few miles 
east of Ottawa. Many think there should be a change and the Tor- 
