THE HAMILTON ASSOCIATION. 145 
possible to believe that anything outside the buried crustacea, 
etc., could have furnished this animal matter. 
The writer some years ago called the attention of this sec- 
tion of the Hamilton Scientific Association to what we called 
“the Mineral Quarry,’ which was opened by Mr. Carpenter 
en the Hamilton and Glanford road, but since abandoned. In 
addition to a great variety of colored Fluor crystals, Dolomites, 
etc., some of the beds held in pockets a considerable quantity of 
that rare mineral “ elastic bitumen,” and what Dr. Spencer, F. 
G. S., pronounced to be “ mineral tar,” or solidified petroleum. 
Occurring as it did in the Barton (Niagara) series, then im- 
perfectly known, much time was devoted to investigation of 
these beds by the writer. It was clearly ascertained that the 
thickened petroleum in this instance occurred in layers, imme- 
diately beneath groups of flattened “ Orthocerata.” There 
were no fissures above or below, and the only conclusion possi- 
ble was we had here absolute proof that animal remains un- 
doubtedly produced the bituminous matter discovered in the 
abandoned Barton quarry. No plant impressions were ob- 
tainable there whatever. 
DISCOVERY OF THE REMAINS OF TERTIARY MAN. 
The recent discovery of human remains in undisturbed 
Pliocene deposits proves the existence of man, as such, in 
Europe, even so far back as Tertiary times. Two well known 
scientific men made the discovery, and the result has been since 
confirmed by Sergi from close personal observation. The 
bones, we are told, presented the same fossilized appearance as 
those of the extinct animals in the same deposit. They be- 
longed to a man, woman and two children. The woman’s 
skeleton was nearly complete, and the skull is of fair capacity, 
less rude and ape-like than the skulls of Spy and Neauderthal. 
M. Qatrefages sums up the evidence by saying that there exists 
no reason for any doubt as regards their discovery. The 
curved thigh bone and bend of the knee, characteristic of Qua- 
ternary Man, are absent (marks of inferiority). 
