200 Animal Heat, 4re. 



the unjust opposition which checks the progress and tends 

 to paralyse the generous efforts of the friends of instruction. 

 At the school of Auzin the teacher fell sick and was detain- 

 ed from his class for three months. During this time the 

 school was conducted by the monitor general in perfect or- 

 der and discipline, as if the master had been present, an ev- 

 idence of docility in the pupils, and of intelligence in the 

 child, which speak loudly in favour of the system. 



Of 24,000,000 of adults in France it is calculated that 

 there are but 9,000,000 that can read and write Hence it 

 may be stated that 15,000,000 of the French people are 

 without instruction. 



36. Animal Heat. — The French Academy offer a prize 

 of a gold medal of the value of 3,000 francs for the deter- 

 mination by exact experiments of the causes, whether 

 chemical or physiological, of animal heat. It requires, par- 

 ticularly that the heat emitted by a healthy animal in a given 

 time, and the carbonic acid which it evolves by respiration 

 in the same time, should be precisely determined, and that 

 the heat thus set free should be compared with that produ- 

 ced by the combustion of carbon in forming the same quan- 

 tity of carbonic acid. 



The Academy also offers a similar premium to whoever 

 shall determine by multiplied experiments: 1st. The den- 

 sity acquired by liquids, and especially in the case of mer- 

 cury, water, alcohol and sulphuric ether, by compressions 

 equivalent to the weight of many atmospheres; and, 2dly. 

 The heat produced by these compressions. 



37. Necrology. — The widow of Condorcet, the distin- 

 guished French philosopher, died at Paris on the 6th of 

 September last. Her charity and philanthropy are highly 

 eulogized in the public account of her death She was 

 known in the literary world by a translation of Adam Smith's 

 Theory of Moral Sentiments. 



