128 Additional Objections to Redfield's Theory of Storms. 



TANCES" which it may meet. Yet it must be quite clear, that 

 any reaction with currents not moving the same way, or moving 

 with an inferior velocity, or obliquely, could only be productive 

 of retardation. 



53. The following inconsistencies will shew how far Mr. Red- 

 field's account of the phenomena of storms is to be deemed suf- 

 ficently accurate or consistent to overset the established principles 

 of science. 



54. " The rotation of a continued whirlwind involves not only 

 changes in the position and condition of its constituent par- 

 ticles, but a constant accession of the exterior atmosphere to the 

 body of the whirlwind, together with a discharge equally constant 

 spirally at one extremity of its axis of rotation" (Franklin 

 Journal, Vol. 19, p. 122.) Ibid., p. 120 : ^^Nor is it my intention 

 to deny any m.oveme?it or upward tendency at the centre of a 

 whirlwind storm, for of such a movement, apart from theory, I 

 have long since obtained good evidence." Ibid., p. 122: ^^ In re- 

 gard to the depression of the barometer which I have ascribed to 

 the rotary action of whirlwind storms, Mr. Espy has himself 

 shewn, that the centrifugal action in a storm which gyrates hori- 

 zontally must tend to withdraw or rarefy the air at the centre by 

 causing a transfer or accumulation toioards the exterior of the 

 storm, thus causing a higher state of the barom,eter around the 

 exterior border, than at the centre of the gale. This connexioti 

 and result is in strict accordance with the facts of the case as ex- 

 hibited in all storms of this character so far as iny observations 

 and information extend." 



55. On opposite sides of the same leaf we find the preceding 

 quotations. Agreeably to the first, there is a constant accession 

 of air from the exterior atmosphere to the body of a whirlwind, 

 attended by an upward force and compensated by a discharge at 

 one extremity of its axis of rotation ,* agreeably to the last, the 

 centrifugal action tends to withdraw the air of the centre by 

 causing a transfer or accumulation towards the exterior border. 



56. In tornadoes the author admits the undeniable existence 

 of an ascending column at the axis (75), and we are told that a 

 whirlwind storm " operates in the 'same manner and exhibits the 

 same general characteristics as a tornado ;"* but this idea is evi- 



* This Journal, Vol. xxv, p. 117. 



