Notice of two New Fossil Mammals. 143 



With these preliminary observations I proceed to offer a brief 

 description of a fossil Sus and a fossil Chelonia, recently obtained 

 from Georgia. I am indebted to my intelligent friend and collab- 

 orator, J. Hamilton Couper, Esq. of Georgia, for two boxes of fos- 

 sil bones, collected with much care and labor, during the excava- 

 tions made in the construction of the Brunswick Canal, Georgia. 

 The bones were principally obtained from a post-pliocene forma- 

 tion — the Cetacea and Chelonia were probably from the green- 

 sand. The collection consists of the remains of the following 

 genera, viz. Megatherium, beautifully preserved specimens of the 

 teeth and lower jaw ; Mastodon, Elephant, Hippopotamus, Bos, 

 Sus, Chelonia, and Whale. These valuable specimens are des- 

 tined by the liberal donor for the cabinet of the Academy of Nat- 

 ural Sciences of Philadelphia. The cases also contained speci- 

 mens of soil and fossil shells, mostly of recent species. 



Specimens of fossil Sus have rarely been discovered ; the few 

 detached relics of this nature are derived from turfs and superfi- 

 cial soils. Baron Cuvier remarks, " I have never known these 

 remains accompanying elephants." Indications of the existence 

 of a fossil Sus I discovered several years since, in a collection of 

 fossils obtained by Mr. Nuttall, in Newbern, North Carolina, in 

 the newest tertiary, post-pliocene, — these were the teeth of a Sus, 

 occurring along with mastodon, elephant, elk, deer, horse, seal, 

 cetacea, tortoise, shark, skate, snake and fish, — all congregated 

 together as if in the mouth of some great antediluvian estuary, 

 and commingled with fossil shells, many of which are of existing 

 species. 



I have recently examined and taken casts of the tooth of the 

 Mastodon longirostris, found in the miocene of Maryland ; hith- 

 erto found only on the continent of Europe, in equivalent strata. 



Sus Americana.* 



The remnant consists of the left ramus of the lower jaw, com- 

 pletely petrified, and impregnated with iron ; containing three 

 molar teeth, a portion of a fourth, and a socket for the anterior 

 molar, making five on each side of each jaw, besides large tusks 

 and incisors in the perfect jaws. The jaw has been fractured 

 anteriorly behind the tusks, and posteriorly, immediately at the 

 origin of the coronoid process ; the foramen for the nerves and 

 vessels through the body of the bone is very large. The follow- 

 ing are the dimensions of the fragment of jaw. 



