44 Gases, Acids, Salts, <^c. 



merous localities in every district. The largest quantity that 

 I have examined, is about three miles north of New Leba- 

 non Springs, under a shelving ledge of argillite, ai^out eighty 

 rods east of the road towards Williams College. Specimens 

 have been selected at both these localities, which are almost 

 pure sulphate of alumine. 



I have seen small quantities in more than a dozen places 

 in the lias and third greywacke, along the Erie canal. 



10. Carbonate of Iron. 



This salt is more common than has generally been suppo- 

 sed. Most of the superficial springs in the range of bagshot 

 sand, from near the head of Lake Champlain to Coxackie, 

 twenty-six miles below Albany, contain carbonate of iron. 

 As bog iron ore is very abundant in this range of bagshot 

 sand, and as the outer surface of most of the masses of this 

 ore is a friable covering of the carbonate of iron, we can sat- 

 isfactorily account for the presence of the salt in these springs. 

 Dr. T. R. Beck and myself analysed a spring on the western 

 state road, five miles from Albany, which contained nearly a 

 saturated solution of it, in dry summer weather. We de- 

 tected its presence in numerous other springs in the same 

 range. 



Perhaps such springs will be found most common in con- 

 nexion with this stratum. I found similar springs and bog 

 ore, though in smaller quantities, in the bagshot sand of the 

 valley of Connecticut river, between Hartford and North- 

 ampton. Also in the same stratum near the Erie canal, 

 twelve miles cast of Genessee river. Though carbonate of 

 iron is perpetually forming upon our stoves, and upon other 

 iron ware, I have not detected it in •any springs whose wa- 

 ters I could not trace to bagshot sand containing bog ore. 

 I would not however be understood to pretend that my in- 

 vestigations furnish conclusive evidence. 



11. Muriate of Soda. 



The extensive localities of this salt are too well known to 

 require description. It is found in a state of saturation, in 

 the saliferous rock from Vernon, (fifteen miles west of Utica) 

 extending into Canada, about thirty miles west of Queens- 

 ton. It IS found in the same rock, wherever it has been per- 

 forated to a considerable depth, in most of tlie western 

 states ; and between the Mississippi and the Rocky Moun- 



