

SCIENCE 



i"^ JUN34 1919 



Friday, June 20, 1919 



CONTENTS 



The Airplane in Surveying and Mapping: Dr. 

 E. Lester Jones 575 



Training in Sugar Technology in Hawaii: Db. 

 VaUGHAN MACCAfGHEY 582 



Scientific Events: — 

 Loan Exhibition of iiarly Scientific Instru- 

 ments at Oxford; A National Policy of For- 

 est Preservation ; Publications of the Ameri- 

 can Medical Association; The Bamsay Me- 

 morial Fund 584 



Scientific Notes and News 586 



University and Educational News 589 



Discussion and Correspondence : — 



The Valley of Ten Tlwitsand Smokes: J. W. 

 Shipley. The Poor Diener: E. E. L 589 



Quotations : — 

 The Conditions attached to Government 

 Grants for Scientific Research in Great 

 Britain 691 



Scientific Books: — 

 Zoologica: Dr. Henry Fairfield Osborm. 592 



Special Articles: — 



The Season Meat increases Oxidation in the 

 Body more than Fat or Sugar: Dr. W. E. 

 Buroe 594 



The Buffalo Meeting of the American Chem- 

 ical Society: Dr. Ch.ujles L. Parsons .... 595 



M86. intended for publication and bookfl, etc., iDtcDded for 

 review should be sent to The Editor of Science, Garrisoo-OB- 

 Hudflon, N. Y. 



THE AIRPLANE IN SURVEYING AND 

 MAPPING 



The airplane, while not a product of the 

 war, owes its present prominent place to the 

 war, and but for the war its development would 

 have been retarded many years. It had few 

 practical uses from the time the Wright broth- 

 er.s first flew their machine at Fort Myer, Ya., 

 in 1909 imtil 1914. It was a plaything to 

 amuse the holiday crowd. 



The war changed this situation. The allies 

 and the central powers almost immediately saw 

 the great importance of the airplane in battle 

 and the best brains and energy of the warring 

 nations were given to the problem of making 

 the airplane perform what a few years ago 

 would have been considered miraculous things. 



War planes were made for various purposes, 

 which I need not enumerate. But the most im- 

 portant thing done from the airplane was pho- 

 tographing the enemies' lines to obtain many 

 kinds of militai-y information, such as posi- 

 tions of batteries and ammunition dumps, 

 changes in trench systems, troop movements, 

 etc. 



The same methods, with some modifications, 

 are now being considered in connection with 

 the mapping of extensive areas by various 

 organizations of this country. In fact, some 

 work has already been done and experiments 

 are being carried on which promise excellent 

 results. 



There is so much misinformation regarding 

 surveys and maps, that it seems appropriate 

 for me, as the head of the oldest map-making 

 bureau of the government, to present the map- 

 ping situation to this congress, both for your 

 information and as a matter of record. 



Surveying and mapping have long histories 

 and the development of the methods now em- 

 ployed took centuries. But the method of 

 airplane surveying has developed like a mush- 

 room. To what extent is it applicable to our 

 needs ' This I shall endeavor to show. 



