June 20, 1919] 



SCIENCE 



583 



large, varied and unique. It has a 'iarge staff 

 of trained research men, working in the va- 

 rious branches of sugar production. 



The College of Hawaii has a standard four- 

 year course in sugar technology. The College 

 of Hawaii is the territorial college of agri- 

 culture and the mechanics arts. It corre- 

 sponds in general status and organization to 

 the state colleges and universities of the main- 

 land. A number of its graduates are now 

 actively engaged in the sugar industry. 



The Courses in Sugar Technology are de- 

 signed primarily for the student who, on 

 leaving college, intends to enter into active 

 service in some branch of the sugar industry. 

 Although these courses, since they prepare for 

 one particular industry, might be termed 

 highly specialized, the importance of a sound 

 training in general science has not been over- 

 looked, the first two years being devoted largely 

 to English, mathematics, physics and chem- 

 istry. 



In the third and fourth years, enough spe- 

 cial instruction in subjects pertaining directly 

 to the sugar industry is given so that the 

 man who completes this course should have 

 sufficient technical understanding to prove of 

 some immediate value in a subordinate posi- 

 tion on a plantation, and yet not have his 

 future progress hampered by an inadequate 

 theoretical training. 



The cane sugar industry, as carried on in 

 the tropics, comprises in itself two quite dis- 

 tinct branches; the growing of cane, and its 

 manufacture into sugar. Inasmuch as it 

 would be extremely difiScult, if not impossible, 

 to give thorough instruction in both these 

 branches, in four years, the courses in sugar 

 technology are oflfered in two divisions. 



Agricultural Division. — The first two years 

 are identical with the coiu-se in agriculture. 

 In the third year quantitative analysis and 

 organic chemistry are taken up in addition to 

 strictly agricultural topics, for the reason that 

 sugar production is probably more dependent 

 on chemistry than is any other branch of 

 agriculture. Sugar analysis is also required, 

 as familiarity with this work is often re- 

 quired of a field chemist. The fourth year 



allows a liberal amovmt of electives to those 

 students who wish to specialize in some one 

 subject. The lectures on cane sugar manu- 

 facture are required in this year, as it is de- 

 sirable that the agriculturist have some knowl- 

 edge of what happens to the cane after he has 

 grown it. 



Engineering Division. — The first year is 

 identical with the course in engineering, while 

 the second year differs only in the substitution 

 of qualitative analysis for advanced mechan- 

 ical drawing. Chemistry is continued in the 

 third year, together with the most essential of 

 the engineering subjects. Students in this 

 division take sugar analysis and sugar manu- 

 facture together with those of the agricultural 

 division. 



During the summer vacation between the 

 third and fourth years a minimum of eight 

 weeks' work on one of the plantations, or in 

 connection with the work of the experiment 

 station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' As- 

 sociation, is required of students in both divi- 

 sions. To obtain credit for this, a written 

 report of work performed is required. 



The second semester of the fourth year is 

 devoted almost entirely to practical work. Ar- 

 rangements are made whereby students either 

 serve a special apprenticeship on a plantation 

 where under direction they actually perform 

 the manual labor required at the various 

 stations of the miU and boiling house, or else 

 they work as assistants to men carrying on the 

 experimental field work of the experiment 

 station. 



Students are required during this appren- 

 ticeship to take careful notes of the equipment 

 necessary, time required and labor involved in 

 each operation, and will meet at stated times 

 for discussion and comparison of notes, with a 

 view toward fixing the relationship between 

 the theoretical principles previously studied 

 and their practical application. 



COOPERATION BETWEEN COLLEGE AJfD ST.\TION 



An important agreement has been effected 

 recently between the college and the sugar 

 planters' station, the essential points of which 

 are as follows: 



