Pigeons of the Malay Archipelago. 373 



among mammals, and the Papilionida among insects, distinctly 

 proves that, while all these islands have at no very remote 

 geological epoch been united to the continent, yet the separation 

 of Java was the earliest event, long subsequent to which a land 

 communication existed between Sumatra and Borneo, although 

 a far wider sea now separates them than the narrow strait which 

 divides Sumatra from Java. 



In the following list of the Malayan species of Pigeons, 

 which I have endeavoured to make as complete as possible, I 

 have thought it necessary to refer, in most cases, only to Bona- 

 parte's ' Conspectus,' where a full synonymy is given, and to a 

 good figure. Wherever practicable, I have given the colour of 

 the eyes, bill, and feet from my own notes, as well as the 

 dimensions, taken in the flesh and thus indicating the true 

 size of the bird. For the localities I have chiefly depended 

 on my own observations, indicated by " ( Wall.)" after the names 

 of places where I myself observed the species ; but I have also 

 given such other localities as appeared to me trustworthy, with 

 an indication of the authority. I have added a list of such 

 Indian and Chinese species as belong to genera occurring in 

 the Malay islands. Descriptions of four species, which seem 

 to me to require separation, have been given, and a few notes on 

 habits and synonymy are occasionally inserted. The table of 

 the distribution of the species has been found useful in the 

 preceding generalizations, and will enable the ornithologist to see 

 at a glance what species have as yet been ascertained to in- 

 habit each island. I have adopted the limits of the Archipelago 

 which are pointed out in my paper " On the Physical Geogra- 

 phy of the Malay Archipelago,'' printed in the Journal of the 

 Royal Geographical Society for 1863. 



Order COLUMB^. 



Family TRERONID^. Fruit-Pigeons. 



Treron, Vieill. 



[Sphenocercus, Gr,) 



1. Treron oxyura, Reinwt.; PI. Col. 240 ; Bp. Consp. ii. p. 8. 



Hab. Malacca, Java, Borneo {Bp,). 



