Mr. A. Newton on the Birds of Spitsbergen. 509 



Spitsbergen coast. In Parry's Expedition it was observed 

 feeding on Merlangus polaris and Alpheus polaris as far to the 

 northward as they reached — lat. 83° 45' N. Dr. Malmgren 

 remarks that the Kittiwake occupies a middle station on the 

 cliffs where the Gulls breed, and that he found their stomachs 

 filled with Limacina arctica and Clio borealis. In his voyage 

 last year, he found it breeding also on Bear Island. 



12. Larus glaucus, Gm. ; Scoresby, i. p. 535 ; Ross, p. 194 j 

 Gaimard, Voy. en Scand. Atlas, livr. x. pi. — . fig. 3 {pullus) ; 

 G. R. Gray, List B. Brit. Mus. (1844), pt. iii. p. 168, exempl./; 

 Evans and Sturge, p. 167; Torell, p. 63; Malmgren, 1863, 

 p. 105; Id. 1864, p. 389. '^ Burger-meister," Marten, p. 84, 

 tab. L. fig. c. Lm^us marinus, Keilhau, p, 163 ? 



Far less plentiful, according to my observation, than the pre- 

 ceding species, the Glaucous Gull probably ranges along the 

 entire coast of the country. Sir James Ross states that it was 

 abundant on the shores of Low Island, though it was not seen 

 to the north of lat. 81°, My friends who went to the eastward 

 from the Thousand Islands met with many young birds, half- 

 fledged, at one spot at least ; and our pilot told me it was found 

 breeding by the boat's crew who visited Giles' Land in 1859. 

 Dr. Malmgren reports it as doing the same in incredible numbers 

 on Bear Island ; and we saw many in that neighbourhood both 

 going and returning. He also remarks that it chooses (and 

 assuredly there is no other bird in Spitsbergen to dispute its 

 choice) the highest part of the cliffs for nidification. He 

 further found it breeding high up on the mountain -sides, apart 

 from any other species. In Loom Bay, he also tells us, he has 

 seen it swoop down like a Falcon on a young Dovekie, seize it 

 in its beak, and eat it on a projecting part of the nearest rocky 

 cliff or shore, where many skeletons bore witness to its former 

 rapacity. I have before mentioned that I saw a Burgomaster 

 attack a young Bruennich's Guillemot. The plate from M. 

 Bevalet's pencil, in the 'Atlas' to the French voyage above 

 cited, seems to represent very fairly the appearance of the nest- 

 ling Glaucous Gull. 



? 13. Stercorarius pomatorhinus (Temm.). Larus crepi- 



N. S. VOL. I. 2 N 



