SOUTHERN PACIFIC LINES 
113 
feet above sea level, or about 3,000 feet above the valley followed 
by the railroad. 
It was in this range that after the death of Vic- 
torio at Tres Castillos, Mexico, the survivors of his band of 
Apaches had their last hiding place; they were finally caught by 
Captain Baylor and the Texas Rangers near Victorio Peak, 25 miles 
north of Van Horn 
At Hot Wells hot water obtained from borings 1,000 feet deep in 
the valley fill is used for the treatment of rheumatism and other ills. 
Hot Wells. 
Elevation 4,285 feet. 
Population 50.* 
New Orleans 1,073 
miles. 
The water must come from a considerable depth, 
probably along a fault plane under the valley fill, 
which is thick in this valley.” 
foot of Eagle Mountain, about 5 miles west-southwest 
Eagle Spring, at the 
of Hot Wells, is a noted watering place for cattle, and 
in earlier days for travelers on the old trail.® 
ites, and a very basic dark-green intru- 
sive cut by quartz veins, one of which 
contains some copper minerals. The 
to the it sit southeast. A cross 
north foot of the mountain are exposed 
a considerable body of Trinity strata 
overlain by Washita and Upper Cre- 
” The ordinary rate of temperature 
increase underground is 1° for every 
60 feet. At most places in this region 
a temperature of about 140° is to be 
expected at a depth of about 4,000 feet. 
The presence of volcanic rocks not yet 
fully cooled, or of special conditions in 
the earth's crust, eit may greatly 
h is found to 
this ares according to = com- 
(Permian), which it penetrates, into 
marble for a distance of 25 feet from 
the contact. 
The east slope of Eagle Mountain 
south of Hot Wells presents the entire 
Trinity group lying on Carrizo Moun- 
tain schist. The Finlay limestone 
here forms a ani platform on which is 
piled the thick succession of volcanic 
thickness of tuff breccias. 
land tortoises oecur here in rhyolite 
tuffs. 
A sandy limestone weathering brown, 
about 500 feet above the base of the 
succession, is regarded as Finlay. It 
r 
there are ledges of dove-colored cherty 
limestone, then a débris-covered inter- 
val to 200 feet of dark-gray clays with 
interbedded limy clays, extending to 
nodular earthy limestones. The cap 
rock of the hogback ridges north of the 
main fault is heavy-bedded Finlay 
limestone, and this caps nearly all the 
hogback ridges extending northward to 
Sierra Blanca and Etholen except the 
i of 
