SOUTHERN PACIFIC LINES 149 
$2,500,000,000, and $37,000,000 has been paid in dividends by cer- 
tain large mines (Yearbook of Arizona, 1930). Copper is the chief 
product, coming mostly from mines at Bisbee, Jerome, Globe, Miami, 
and Ray. According to the United States Bureau of Mines, the total 
output of the State to the end of 1929 was 13,914,970,235 pounds, 
making it the largest copper-producing region of the world. Arizona 
now supplies 46 per cent of the United States output of copper and 22 
per cent of the world’s product, or slightly less than South America. 
Most other common metals are also produced. Many old mines have 
been abandoned, but new developments are constantly in progress. 
The Bureau of Mines states that the value of the principal metals 
produced by mines in Arizona in 1929 was about $158,433,300. 
Owing mainly to greatly reduced production, but partly to the lower 
price of most of the products, the value dropped to half of this amount 
in 1930 and to less than a quarter in 1931. In 1929 gold was mined 
to a value of about $4,217,000,” silver $3,875,000, copper (833,525,000 
pounds) $149,200,000, lead $984,250, and zine $156,800. The year 
1929 was the most prosperous since 1918, and the sum paid in divi- 
dends that year was the largest on record, but in 1931 the gold output 
decreased to about $2,554,000, silver to about $915,500, and copper 
to about $33,000,000 (Bureau of Mines). Altogether the mines of 
Arizona have yielded profits in excess of $500,000,000 (Yearbook of 
Arizona, 1930). A large amount has been spent in prospecting and 
unprofitable mining. 
According to the Yearbook of Arizona for 1930, the assessed valua- 
tion of property in Arizona in that year was $714,945,809. There are 
more than 2,500 miles of railroad lines in the State. 
With a population of 435,573, according to the census of 1930, or 
3.8 persons to the square mile, Arizona is one of the most thinly 
populated of our Western States. The increase in population from 
1920 to 1930 was 30.3 per cent, or much greater than in most other 
States. According to the report of the Commissioner of the General 
Land Office for 1930-31, of its 72,838,400 acres there remains 
14,366,400 acres of public land, but a very large part of this area is 
not suitable for agriculture. About half of this public land is not 
yet surveyed. Nearly 2,000 square miles is included in Indian reser- 
vations and national forests. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 
in his report for 1932, gives the Indian population as 48,162, or 
about 14 per cent of the total number of Indians in the United States. 
Of these nearly 25,000 are Navajos, nearly 6,000 Apaches, about 
5,000 Pimas, and about 5,000 Papagos. 
There are many indications of the presence of prehistoric skeridiies 
in Arizona, for on plains, on mesas, and in the cliffs there are ruins of 
13 Gold has a fixed value of $20,671835 an ounce for “‘fine” or pure gold. 
