SOUTHERN PACIFIC LINES 155 
Bowie, a village in the San Simon Valley, is the junction point of 
the branch railroad that goes north down the valley to its mouth and 
Bowie: thence down the valley of the Gila River, past the 
Flevation 3,762 feet, COOlidge Reservoir, and over a low divide to Globe 
Population 400.* (124 miles). This is the route of the Apache Trail 
Ne 1° trip to Phoenix described on page 207. The latest 
historical authorities appear satisfied that it was down 
this valley, as far as Solomonsville, that Fray Marcos de Niza and 
Coronado made their spectacular trips to Zufi in 1539 and 1540. 
Bowie was named after Col. George W. Bowie, of the ‘California 
Column,” who established Fort Bowie in Apache Pass. 
High on the south side of the Dos Cabezas Mountains is the mining 
settlement of Mascot (formerly reached by a branch railroad from 
Willcox), where considerable ore was mined some years ago. On the 
north slope of the range, southwest of Luzena siding (lu-say’na), 
there are many small placer workings from which for many years 
gold has been obtained, but the deposits are so irregular in location 
and variable in value that no attempt has been made to work them 
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FIGURE 36.—Section of Dos Cabezas Mountains, Ariz. Ce, Escabrosa limestone; Dm, Martin lime- 
stone; €a, Abrigo limestone; €b, Bolsa sandstone; Gr, Granite 
on a large scale. The gold is probably derived from quartz veins in 
the schist and has been set free by disintegration and washing on the 
mountain slopes. Northwest of Bowie and north of Luzena are the 
high Pinalefio Mountains, of which the culminating summit is Mount 
Graham, 10,720 feet above sea level (U. S. Coast and Geodetic 
Survey), about 30 miles distant. Mount Graham was named either 
for Maj. L. P. Graham, who led an expedition from Chihuahua to 
California in 1848, or for Lieut. Col. J. D. Graham, who acted on the 
United States and Mexico Boundary Survey Commission. 
The Pinalefio Mountains consist mainly of massive gray granite, 
but in their south end is a flanking mass of volcanic rocks similar to 
those in the Peloncillo and Chiricahua Mountains and in many other 
ridges in New Mexico and Arizona. Outlying exposures of these 
rocks also appear not far north of the railroad near Luzena siding 
and at intervals west. As there is considerable pine timber in the 
Pinaleio Mountains, they are included in the Coronado National 
Forest 
West from Luzena siding the railroad continues upgrade on the 
valley-fill deposits, which extend to and through a low, wide divide at 
the north end of the Dos Cabezas Mountains. This divide, known as 
