13—1853.] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 203 
thers. 5. Whether the superfluous water in an any | boldt as s being bounded on the north by forests of | of the present generation, and would — миг 
ality arises from springs, or whether it be| Palms, while its southern extremity is yw with | sede it were not the supply limited? In 
in water retained in the soil. 6. Whether water, in | almost ирне ice. Si ir Francis 2 ead, in the at Lois-Weedon, spade husbandry has been vasos 1 
i i u th 
a zrn and 0 
1 for reservors for collecting such waters. Chili, — bis Gra 58 а as e ing “ over a | emigration, How invaluable T m to vo n ас 
`8, The quality of the м ound in the different | breadth of 450. miles, in which there is ne a weed to be | culturist at this time would a machine. be which econo- 
localities. Generally such information might be obtained | seen, the tall eo е паме being its sole produce; and | mises time, and at once performs the operations of 
d a record of the present state of suburban | in summer, when s height, it is 8 to see the ploughing, scuffling, rolling and clod: crushing, infinitely 
districts” (and all other distriets as well), “as to effect which the Mind has 2 ing over the wide better than they could be performed separately. Per- 
inage or the want of it” (and also as to other eir- expanse of luxuriant a ving green.“ er haps it is premature to speak of that which has not yet 
cumstances influencing its present state and value, and travellers agree in describing Le 8 Grass as |а material existence, but remains a phantom of the 
pabi lities), ‘to which reference often exceeding 10 feet in мар < апі = дА аы food, both brain ; totns we believe the it of * Talpa ” has 
ime to o the : 
its gr ons, he va 8 
any drainage executed.” wild horses and oxen which roam concealed amongst its e from the application of Ln to the е purposes 
Isit only now. that. the importance of studying agri-| huge bushy tussacks ; while it also supplies the native rius iH t was a bold stroke, at any rate; and we 
cultural ge logy is recognise ed? Alas! for the creditof | Gauchos with thatch for their mud huts. The Pampas | dee r the author, pris Mr. 
identified. w the 1 si the n art-| Grass is only of recent introduction to Britain, and | Green е9 sei were pia by the .somni- 
ment of geological science—it has y o be was first noticed as an agricultural plant by Messrs. | ferous effects of the easy chair, or we are apprehensive 
ere are professorships et — Lawson and Son, of Edinburgh, in the 3d edition of | his mc cima would have risen from words to 
— — logy in try; unfortunately, their “Treatise on the Cultivated Grasses and other | blows as he saw his old pr «рет scattere 
however, t. bring dow sie ms on i by confining erbage mad, Forage Mio al in 1850. Hence it is i and his ie ~ incapable and faulty when viewed 
their views of. this really — isive and most important now, 1851, attracting considerable attention in conse- by the “ light nce," We would 3 mend every 
all ens ght 
subj я to the agricultural capabilities of the soil, | quence of being found perfectly a adapted to withstand экш, чеш to purchase the book, that 
which they endeavour to connect with the subjacent | the rene s 3t our norther iw In the nurseries | they may judge of the author's ability to p 
strata. The merest tyro in geological science must. see | Of 3 m, Co miley Bank, near | his readers — pianin that should guide pev in the 
how seldom the surface materials partake much of the Edinbur жи it has. stood ee sustaining the application of differe echanical powers. He proves 
character of the rocks which immediately support them, injury for the last four or five years, although the гче very clearly that ед, — is more particularly 
however evident it may be that surface mould must Winter (1849-50) pne very destructive to many adapted to the vertically circular motion, which mode 
have resulted from the slow, gradual,and yet constant | reputed hardy plants, It is there grown on a poor of action, it appears to us, wil always produce the 
mical iti ub- | light sandy soll, i in the last three autumns greatest effect with the least waste of power. But to 
strata, from n nevertheless, they may have dd (1848-49 and 50) it produced a thiek mass of grace- | return to the cultivator: we question whether a loco- 
transported to amy distance, Am no K m has been | fully-waving foliage à to 10 P" in length, from | motive can ever be made.to traverse a wi 
suggested merely that much good might result from | amongst which there arose ually in the month | incurring an expense which would make its general use 
the study and application of а province of geological | of October and November several strong and егесі | practically impossible. On this point we should like to 
science, which since. the days of Elkington. has lain stems 6 to 8 feet in height, each surmounted Werl receive further information ; ; bu supposing we are 
almost dormant—neglected, Te despised. a large and graceful fe eathery “panicle of a beau i i i 
Again, it might be asked, why the General Board of ө? whiteness, bearing a derable resembles in this ease, if it can be proved, from the results of. the 
ealth, considering. the importance of this matter, as to the elegant inflorescence of. the sugar cane ; so that, | latest trials made by the Marquis of Tweeddale, that the 
they state it themselves, do. not make such surveys as а ‘of its economical merits, it is one pe, the application of steam, as a mot ive power to the common 
are now being executed — —— and sanc- most splendid of the many 8 plants which has plough, l 
tion inelutle such e фын, Men capable of of late years been added to our hardy exotic flora. In of a greater gain when the traction principle is is aban- 
affording such — to these surveys which are habit of growth the Pampas Grass isa tussack or tufted | doned, and the circular. movement adopted. * 
now costing too much to be left * et соша be growing perennial, not e ding еа means of its roots, believe possible, and shall attempt to prove in a f 
obtained in abundance, and it need not even materially | but preducing a close f. foliage stems, to the | number of the Gazette. A Practical Farmer. 
inerease the expense, dividing and transplanting uf which xx м rs must for ett Liquid Manure and Irrigation has created an 
The book which has suggested these observations | the present have gre se in its propagation, as, from 20 anxiety. among British farmers. nearly equal to that. 
closes. with a series of arguments, proving that late period at which it flowers, rs, perfect seeds can seldor — among the Chinese 2000 years ago, when 2 
drains hitherto in use have been much too large for all Pe looked for in фе climate of Britain. In con sequence brated ruler 
they were required to effect. The following is a specimen f the extraordinary size of the Pam ampas Grass, its | noxious impediment to the importantand аалам 
of dis art of the volume :— | foliage is much stro rani n coarser than that of abe of i —— ion, ane рио дид, grops such as never had 
As might be expected, che rst drainers set out with ordinary Graminem, resem ин 0 in thir d of Mr. М. 
of this erroneous construction, as be seen | the tropical 8 it has yet to be ascer- seem to o have de, same. effect. in this country, and. are 
— the diagrams in Mr. Smith of — —— first tained how far it may be erae for the Wines of | laid hold of 
pamphlet. Thus his minor — were 2 км less than | domestic — but at any rate the magnitude of its | the worshipped examplesexeited by Ven-li,who descended 
18 inches of sectional. capacity. Now a single drain of — mtis fail to recommend it for litter and other | from his throne to hold the р apum ва to his 
this capacity will, when — t half full. at ыы — apparent uses, while to the sportsman it must nears enraptured subjects that. royalty was great 
discharge in 24 hours 8 tons of water, equal invalu able as game cover, eer n deer parks and ee the amos or swaying the sceptre. ©- 2 
to a rainfall of nearly ine in depth upon an acre. other ornamental gro ми t pres 22 the few British | of that renowned emperor. has sho for more than 
ne inch in depth is a very heavy fall in a day; and it nurserymen who are so fo a to possess the. ‘years in the rich valleys and high-cultivated mountains 
агай takes two Seed for. the water after rain to | Pampas Grass, на produce а supply of plants equal generations to come 
1 fully from drained, land. Yet Mr. Smith to the demand. These are rated in the last published will see & Mechi” mt dap de i „meadows and 
| provided 18 such drains acre having a total sectional ne the Меен 8 of Edinburgh, at 58. Tarnip fields. | How. ver interesting and ;encouraging 
discharging : Mr. 
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only half filled, 4 inches of rainfall from an acre in a -Draining.—Mr. Selby writes in the last Gazette shat) until they are proved improvements ; and I, as one of 
single hour ; that is, in six hours, more than the whole | * Quickness of escape of the water is the soul of | his numerous school, would mbly beg leave to — 
annual rainfall of the London. district.” in, it is draining." I have heard that *brevity is the soul of his fennsenj which at p. 170 of the. Agricultural Gazette 
i But we ; 
said works it was found “ that wit,“ and I believe it п e yet to learn that 
glass pipes, whieh had less the saying may be paraphrased with respect to draining 
water at the same inclination: n Staffordshir = r — oe too quickly as NN as e slowly, as 
ware clay pipes, which were of "perfeetly exact con- ce proved to a gentleman who was anxious to 
_ Struction.” This goes to prove that exactness of form — that руво dra redd was ede ad shallow. He 
“contributes more to increase of discharge than smooth- | was a tenant to v» and I pr — (— d 1 
ness of surface does. Any one acquainted with the more than 4 fee a upon a farm of which some field 
laws of fluid motion would expect this result à priori. had Sida. 2 d rained by himself. 2 feet deep. in 
The wavy surface gave a series of contractions, which the furrows. After some very heavy rains he met me, 
'Boverned the discharge. Not so with rough surfaces. and ppregioedd she tow am go and see the lands so 
It is unfortunate that such trials are often made in the | differently treated, saying at the same time that he to 
e of correct knowledge of the laws of nature. knew he should be able P. —— the * drained. by |: 
Hence time is often wasted in seeking for facts already | himself two or three days earlier that drained 
well established, while otherinvestigations really needed me. leon with this stipulation, that we 
“are sti ched. Men of experience, clever іп | hould each drink a tumbler of water runn 
ad way, but still not informed of all that might be respective drains. We went to the spots, tumbler іп | to give out the most of the heat, will require 
Y obtained, had they ever been instructed in the hand. oce Sn m — drains, which were oxygen; this enables us to calculate the number of 
. their calling P begin. to fancy that because | iously, was brilliant and ерк. I drank | eubie feet of sinevquhtdiée qni —— 
are not aware of ce nelusions, no one else my draught. The water running from his his drains, not | to supply the oxygen, supposing the space below the 
knows tha, sd forthwith the — n finding the: ü edd 2 bars to be the dimensions required, the 
or their o laudable enter- e not drink draught. We then wall he | draught in the flue lue or chimney must also. 
onda] but how: "much better И would De if they em — »- uoc oth h the matter as he It oved 8 — chat 1 Ib. of 
done for them, and ud their would have had me believe before we started „ though ito the best advantage, 
M Pen ias eliciting new truths. m - ir |prejudiee was still at work, and showed me how true it зо of water at 60° nh. to seam bui th the 
was that “a:man convinced against his will is of th 9 тпаее 
| ваше opinion still.” I did manage to get him to say, i 1 raise ‘about ы lbs. of. water i to 
а ort, ol s + РА 1 volumes, steam. — Mechs ый contri ivance 
and that he little thought, when ght me d t s right ; — the — of 
| see the “poaching? of the — — land, tat he air at the tend veru: — Argand lamp principle, if 
a gue CE ВЫ. а I l believe but 
he had put into the land. J. Baile Denton, 43, Parlia- | 
ii «London. hea 
Steam Culiure.—From some  semaska cando hy your | th 
| intelligent and acti ve correspondent, “I. A A.C? in your your 
lant Claus. done. 
steam to the cultivation of the 
or 
i . 
най. land, an, nig they may lend fo дерін a more 
1 on this subject. a 
7 fal 
Jd: d — its inability. to compete. with draught 
| a machine combining —— * — cess ap 
equal to AR A ДРА ЗА 
43 
eools the 
| suecessfully — vith th implement ent" fis — ei — Mathe. smoke 
