204 THE AGRICULTURAL. GAZETTE. [Man. 26, 
eee mean u—tC¶ —utyV— i , * 77 
little иес Fahr. Mr. when turmed sickly, and I did not reap above Sorte 
M d diti to буу Brg most essential point in the агі per acre. Iti И now in miserable G Jrass, put quie ее, 
smoke-consuming furnace, viz, à —. ^d а у x eonim dry. deles 65 n oblige. ee Rot = 
i i be very convenien one wi me ea " ў се 
a SalI Giba frout the dinh Uf the Mer One-third | Znverness. [Mari yo ur ee bat ert al ота, Compara ative —- «e Large and 8 — 
the coal burnt is generally lost in smoke, so that the Sugar Beet. — 1 wit he 8 0 1 DoiitinéitWh ollowing ex. 
i ce i or Sullivan’s report on the Sugar | tracts: n the Continent, where the roots a 
OB. D. L een. eo e erre Beet. pe Ate may succesfully compete with E for the pur pose eser nufacturing sugar, it we long 
à J. Lloyd, Carmarthen, re- | Cane or not under our present commercial system t arge-sized roots yielded less 
peeing бе Bt of Draining ng upon the Pri nei med Bo will not Kar etend to say, but you hardly give it fair | than inodetstedizéd ee 1 and 3 8 
NY X reser КЫ dg FE T i org Miei segun -5-. аы — n ou by tles 
— with your corres тте Мт. rangin froid 3.553 to 10.89 ave arcl і o had e 
Peb 0 Tut s excessively Sek айныт. has been a | mo m before me, and see that a sample €— by the subject, and a ed ee by our results ш 
severe trial of deep draining at wide intervals upon | myself gave 13.507 per cent. of sugar, ne п last year. vorm er t c — — no practical application 
clay subsoils, but it has also proved in a most satisfactory | by my brother 14.551. Both of these were insi in seems to have been — e е fact ; and as уе ery lange 
manner the efficiency of Lord Wharncliffe's combined | the extreme north of Ireland, one of them nearly 400 | roots, grown in a rich wei properly tilled soil, may be 
com эӊ deep and shallow DE: on Wortley estate. | feet above the level of the sea; and it is a very re- | better than — . — es grown in another place, 
From —— date of Lord Wharneliffe's letter to | markable fact, that all the samples sent from the north | no general la law o grow wth was surmised, In most 
y on series 2 M shed in 3 Journal of the greatly exceed т? 3 matter those from the previous investigatione upon the composition of roots, 
Roy al Ag lee dog, in poe ла full description southern and midland districts, ices Miser is de the DUM as confined to a single root from each 
4 bis soil, 9 as give t is perhaps unneces- | nitely superior "an in quality and produc ed - | locality ; and hatice it is owing to this cause m 
sary сЕ 1 shoul dwell on it further; but as some of gard to the value of the tops, I pom yel fed 19 two- — results were obtained. To аа thig 
the your valuable Gazette may not have seen Sear ач for eight weeks — leaves of pee def we determined to take six roots f 
it, I briefly xe the outlines, referring any parties that | Irish acres of Red Mangold War ; ни were locality -threo of the — gest and three of tlie small; 
may feel interested in the subject to the full deserip- | allowed 1 mmm each per day, w vit. as adi Oaten o diminish the influenee of accidental 
‘tion given by Lord Wharneliffe. The soil on Wortley | straw as they Боё, -— de quite as vell as they di we s subjected a grent nu — of roots to examing. 
-estate that has been drained, is generally from under | did afterwards on ual quantity of pha tion. Our r e, in fact, founded upon the 
4 inches to upwards of 12 inches in depth, part of it a | Turnips. Taking the. hiat as worth 5s. per ton for | examination of — 450 roots of every kind, including 
strong loam, and the other part free soil ; the subsoil is | feeding purposes (which is about what I woul val Swedish Turnips, Carrots, the different varieties of the 
almost i invariably a strong таванне clay, 3 in many them at), the Mangold Wurzel leaves would b rth Beet, &c.' With a very fow exceptions, we have 
equiring | 3l. 28. 6d. per Irish ‘acre, or about 17. 17s, 6d. er that, as a general rule, small roots contain a larger per 
he 8 
ngl T : at, 8 
aud, piekaxe to exca vate the . - and statute acre. The Sugar Beet would give, I think, & | centage of solid matter than large roots, in some caseg 
generally at the depth of from 3 to 4 feet we find throws | greater weight of leaves. W. Sinclair, Holy Hill, Stra- | even to the extent of 50 per cent. Thus, the mean per 
of loose shale, ne, and the out-crops of coal-seams, | bane, Ireland. ` [The per cen й of sugar in the raw | centage of solid matter contained in three roots of Sugar 
&e., which act me "om to the water. The fall of the | Beet is A. — in Messrs, Sulli n & Gage's Report, | Beet, varying from 3 lbs. 111 oz. to 4 Ibs. 2 oz., grown by 
ground i is, for the most part, considerable. І invariably | p. 29, exactly as we have s t. No doubt higher | Mr. Niven, of Drumcondra, was found to be only — 
‘find the 4 fee анны, which are placed “20 yards apart proportion are to be foun * cate мата А ine the | 10.408, whilst in ‘three a ts, e lib. 
direetly up the fall, and across these throws, tap the pages; but a 3 are not — up mes 3 02. to 11b. 112 0z., it was 17. "e ; or, in other 
nts of water just named, as well as any springs |*xperimentalisis, w e presume them жү vb — een re- 100 к — of the s "en roots would be equal to 16743 
that are in the way; then at acute angles with the | garded as altogether — We quoted the tons of the large. To take — example: — Three 
4 feet drains, others of the depth of 2 feet are placed at figures objected to to by ow r correspondent as an — roots of d arg Mangold Wurzel, grown by Mr. Kelly, 
regular distances of 8 s, which being sloped into meh - s Ania Yarn fet mx the quantity of sugar in of Portrane, — from 6 lbs. 143 07, to 9 Ibs. 3oz, 
the 4 oe MM at each junction, the surface water is | a c in 3 way t taken as indicated by the contained уте чы 986 per cent. of solid; whilst three 
disc rom the 2 feet drains into the 4 feet drains, weight of roots.] : small r — from 6}0z. to 7202, contained 
and, не ast under springs, Ke, passes through the ` Cornish Cultivation of Pot "i. was in the | 15.624 чн "eent.—that is, 100 tons of the small ecm. 
‘main drains to the outlets, I have paid strict attention | Mark Lane Express some obse vations, apn by Mr. tained as much solid matter as 142.18 tons of the large, 
to the effects of this system of draining X the time I | Prideaux, on the culture of early Potatoes in 5 The rule applies equally to dish Turnips. 
undertook Lord Wharneliffe's agency i pt, 1850 ; | As the practice there indicated is quas vbpósit e to that | three Turnips, grown by Mr. o at the Workhouse 
and although previous to the бифе н of the late | which ele ails in Essex, I should like to elicit an farm of Ba —— s ty of Antrim, varying 
extremely wet weather I was fully satisfied with the | ex pressio n of opinion. It seems that in Cornwall the | ¢ lbs, 51 02. to 6 Ibs. 12 02., yielded 13.731 per cent. of 
efficiency of the system, yet I was e. to find, dung is нева оп the flat, the pan is ploughed, and solid matter, aud x ad anii roots, varying Tb, 
during the late heavy-and most incessant rains, that after the yt * seis are plaeed by hand in the o llb. 5loz., 16.254 per cent.; or, in other 
these drains seemed to carry off alin pm néarly as fast | furrow, when dung is forced by a id on the veritas 00 tons o£ the taa e bi equal to 118.37 
as it fell, and invariably the surface has become уза Potato set, se ‘the e plough — covering the set. tons of the e large. Owing to the influence of accidental 
‘soonest where within reach of the 2 feet drains. I have In Essex, the practice is to dro p the sets on гне e dung e ness dui a he ness of the grains 
' frequently examined the outlets during the heaviest | in drills, and then to ridge up the ground, Which is the seed, t s infine nde of shaker vj di —it could not be 
rains, and always found the water rushing out of the | best way of attaining heat, by the ridge or on the flat ? — tial in every ease, а — diffe rence in weight 
pipes (of 3 inches and im some cases 5 inches А, B. [The following is LS of Mr. Prideaux's quo- | would be accompanied by а corresponding’ 
diameter) with such force as to be driven several tation from the essay on Cornish Agriculture in the the amount of solid matter; and ade Pacis 
feet пан sna outlet before falling into the diteh.| Journal: —“ The cultivation this root € very | that, in m m rar din of 4 lbs. may contain as much, 
t the ment of Lor 1arneliffe’s draining considerable part of the business of farmers in some and even mote solid matter than a root of 3 Ibs. Never 
at Wortley — fields were drained from 3} to 4j| districts, particularly those земав: at Pianis, the | theless, such examples are rare, as will be ound by 
deep, and at distances from 10 to 14 yards, none of | Lizard, and on the banks of the Looe and Tamar. The reference to the tables of the detailed report about to 
effectually drained the yen i ] i clima А s rie 
y ithin М 
two years we have added the 2 feet drains in several of | the growth of the Potato, the land being generally dry, | 4 field into several groups, showing large 
the fields, which have invariably given satisfaction. light, and 8 and the Ag orm moist and mild. Ап ганча the тше becomes. uni ia Thus, in 17 roots 
Although I have no wish to dictate to others as to the old lay pas is preferred, which is well reduced by of Biles b Malahide, 
ystem they t to adopt in their own respective dis- | ploughing; 5 ing, harrowing, а -— OHNE until it is 8 upon s. Meme of ндай, there w HAMM 
` tricts, yet from the statements I have of late read in | bro desc to a fine tilth ; it is then red with dung o 4 roots of from 6 to S Ibs. in weight, whieh лава, 
your Gazette, as well as from private correspondence I | seaweed, and ly таб о. This er ero a being ШУ of solid matter зы 
had with friends in the south of England respecting. — to be a fallow crop, most farmers pay con- 4 за between 8. and Bibi э» oe 
che want of efficiency of the entire deep system, I would | siderable 5 to the ene hoeing, and banking. m U of 
advise a trial of our Wortley system, which I fully The kinds of Potatoes numerous, but their names These E De piisi in that, with, tabulating 
succeed, to iti 
: colt ai whee y. 
Nene: he says, “ The first point for consideration іп are raised sufficiently iud; б< compete with the forced | we have been able as yet to reduce them them :— 
che work now pressing for accomplishment is the capa- | Potatoes of the London market, From 12,000 to 15,000 
bility of the outfalls. It is because its outfall is so рег- | bushels of the on Kidneys are sent annually to the 
‘fect that the upper valley of the Nene is now obtaining | eastern markets the parishes bordering on the Looe e ert 
relief.) Now, the upper valley of the Nene has not yet great quantities of Potatoes are grown for the London ч 
і gh a iim d rket. In some of 
Mangold 
Wurzel. 
White 
Orange x 
Mangold 
Wurzel. 
Red Globe 
Swede a 
3 
session great and much- in uary and February, by carting out Averageof roots d uis 
` wanted improvement, a large sum of money is to be laid | the accumulated soil from the hedges into small heaps : | Above 7 Ibs. ...| 10.204 10,017] 10.785| 8.704 10755] N 
. out the ive обов Дре) рае if this should i at sufficient, furrows are ploughed | Above 5 Ibs. ERA Lon lord 1235 125 P a. 
er expended bet: up aeross added to t ем adi Iris 
and Wisbech ; and until those greater works are the h On these ‘bottoms’ of earth, | roots. 11488 12.081} 1850 Ё 
pleted, nothing but the most trifling works can be done | dung pha the oratorii? i weed, and sand are — fan шш adis es 
' the upper valley, as it is felt that until the mouth of | deposited and mixed together. The quantity of dung This table presents some curious results, 
the river is improved, it is impossible to judge what | and weed amounts generally to about 25 cart load showing the decreasing value of roots as 
loads. The lay i increases, Thus, for instance, as ai as Шев 1 2 
the root crops now cultiva 
ор h usually y soll for 
| the sets are dr x npe y wi 
Е наь the plough returns, and covers the | in different s prae or 
е farmin, езд 3 i 1 мены te 
between the rows of Potatoes. Vhen tines faki, or : M TA SE 
. iE 
