- 
298 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[May 7, 
ant’s interest in it was obvious, as was fully | 
er, who was a 
with all the responsibilities of full ownership 
i im, and only the means of erem ms 
maps, for identifying localities, es of course 
ne in ile 
d 
owever, 
- thi nk, ho that of the most|t 
important remarks made i 
as to t. 
one 
n the course of the even- 
he effect that e club would do well | an 
to озне its attention to 
vitae of the evi 
n of remedies. 
дем rs’ Club — well speak mago rie 
for no one better t a cl 
can by expe insattion of it 
will therefore be listened to with respect by those 
exist- 
ence of the difficulties connected with the tanier 
land ; . the evils arising from them; and 3d, 
e need of amendments in the’ laws relating Ар to 
conve 
T any legislation on Темат Ricut in IRE- 
LAND xo wil — the extreme — on "ves се is 
not to be expect 
hose d 
гі 
ne plea or other, might claim а 
“interes in his —an absolute in- 
he land ; and this, too, without even 
paying. — —.— be 
| venerable Bede, in his life of Easter win, Abbot of Were- 
mouth, tells us, “ that this abbot, being a strong man, 
and of an hum ble disposition i st his monks in | 
— money from the tillers — the soil for the 
just proportion into 
5 
try, w other hand, 
were constantly "pog cunning, duplicity, and 
fraud, as their sr arm ainst a false and 
vexatious system. wou 
to be a severe and o Мыл, elaw w 
any landlord, who chose to believe that a tenan 
was m meditating fraud, to seize on a growing crop 
before a year's rent was due, pu 
t a heavy expense to the tenant, and harvest 
and ‘sell it as eee as he could? Yet this was 
ut keepers on it, 
than tangled forests, the annual value of each parish or 
ees? and thus 
was held on military tenure. 
busines of life war; it ure, the chase 
Numerous and ex iod ve —— country were converted 
into forests for the > express purpose of harbouring: 
an absolutely ne o guard the landlord 
against many a d 
se collect his friends and — ыо Эн re яә 
{та 1 
b rning t i 
would be ‘thre ded кй turned into cash for his sole 
benefit, One thing at least is evident, that tenants 
meditating flight and dishonesty had no Vari | 
амраа in their farms, that t 
o 
= 
to — = чаа сеча рез = tenants 
t be 
of such a not 
— —.— tien. We shall — “however, 
enter into details, — faults and di 
on both sides, such as Irishmen, familiar | ¢ 
ith the ways of their ir fatherland, can "esee 
| understand, 
tiei peg А x раи for landlords and for 
ants is obvi N report recommende d 
, or wretched speculators at best from hand | 0 
iable and h 
all — t æ violation of them илиг: punished 
the €— 80 asts by death, and, for ceri a 
са. anim rivati 4 
The ‘land 
— remote parts Deus 1 
oa portion of the p 
ound to — — 
o the Conqueror, was much 
icted to E a delighted in breeding 
horses and cattle. Besides inclosing and draining a 
great extent of country, he . the river Welland 
des — e year to overflow the neighbouring 
fields) in ost substantial eee building many 
me d. cottages me | и hich increased 80 
a short ha formed a ч гч 
called — from а — situation. 
he 
legislation 1o long — to stile the subject of tenure, 
rity sempre to tenants for 
cases mot 
— ‘outlay i in bre those 
—in which land- 
D. 
Impre 
exceptive ones, but the rule itself 
lords did not execute improvements. 
HISTORY OF s ede — No. II. 
(Continu 
Іт was to the — that —— like many other 
cement of knowledge, owed its preservation during 
e ages of — darkness x "m followed the fall 
the paga ~ after 
of Rome, r years | W 
a me жш pagan suecess were con- 
rted to Christiani tys they end “endowed many — 
establishments, fo =~ — 
ade мек gifts of had. to dire cin — * 
comprised tracts of enormous exte ent; but it 5 
borne in mind that, in a thinly peopled мей, p 
| the least costly, although the most E of all gif а 2 
erly w а 
Many of these districts had been asted, and 
would probably in no other way have been res tored to 
cultivation. T paitia were generally a worthy 
class of m е 
directing the f their serfs and t , and 
thus it happened that the church lands m h 
eultivated ien those of the lay proprietors 
The following is & verbatim — — — | 
their 
sometimes, 
stilt .or handle, sometimes winnowing corn, and some 
implements of husbandry with 
anan апа 
account forwarded to one of the London 
by a tenant, holding in the north of — 239 
— of land of different qualities, at des — 
rent of 2s. 524. per acre—total 997. 2s. 
А, в, P. 
120 3 6 at 9d. per acre, 
19 2 14 atds.3d, „ 
6 0 34 at 18. Gd. „ | 
88 2 17 «25 » 
LER OEIL So Bd. p 
7 D NX » 
4 2 31 at 4s. »* 
1 3 414 48. 62. „ 
I3 3 6з. Ц 
11 0 84 at 7s. 6d. E 
5 5 0 7 ч E 
5 1 1 Маё 10. Gd. „ 
Roadway 0 3 22 = | 
239 / 
| were to 
robbers 
fixed by statute, and m 
parties. By the laws 
10 wet 
| array five "salmon, 20 lbs. * "oru and 100 ege — 
greater part of the erown si 
| farmed in this way by —— 
| — to have been freemen and 
| eupati was lated b 
— — of the Er riad contain — 
of the Saxon — ME 
lators sto regulate n — the affairs of 
Num re made for fixing — pm "T ай | 
kinds ot tame сане d directing ica anner in which they | 
be past and for preserving them from 
and of : prey, The rent of lan was also | da 
nt: oney, 300 loaves of bread, 
12 — of — ale, 30 oan small ale, — — 
10 , 20 hen cheeses, k of 
n every eounty wi 
eat "d in general 
soldiers, The 
y law ; one of thel 
се 4. n P 
— h Leg 0 
w 
a hammer | E 
or rchards, cultivated commons, converted pre | 
e quagm mires into fo rtile — e | 
uid astures, an 
country about it "a garden of deigis” ‘he pit E | 
Loss whose writings the above extract 
— influenced 
ants of йа пе igtibouring town of Spalding resolved to 
ate their marsh lands, which soon. 
те ition and eultiv 
proved to be of the most fertile description | 
ё — ially the monks, 
greater impro poem 8 v th 
hs be in much the cu 
earliest. 
— — ‘sand Boniface dui 
чар 
in эсу amete was an — ject of тегт 1 E 
| for by that canon decreed, tat all Р: "when «1 
clerks, — converts, pilgrims, — cH het 
they are engaged in the labours of sich 
— det 5 they have e been adm 
icated.^ 
excommunicate 
Marl seems to have. 
The arrear of amounted to 99/., and the 
жо i | and possibly 
Yet iti is. penat ion = гу seri 
ances have oppressed the t 
The comforts of the small : 
unh ik many, nay, 
me of Edward the fessor, ordains “ that a husband- 
— ossessed of 20 hides of and, sh should — 12 sown 
with corn when he ga tenancy." 
an by the 
Бе. се: laws арра 
of the 1 
as 
n АИИ 
dung, — by the за it 
the Anglo-Saxon 
