Y 
410 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. Безе a 
Goon Мик C w."* The ork consis ts. of жр. 
600 Ibs. of cheese, at 6d. 
two parts. The’ first translated "from the Fren ich, 15 lbs. e butter, at 11d. 
gives the physiological and other indications of 35 Ibs. of whey butter, at9d. n. 
quality in eattle, with еа reference to the Whey to pie 
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Calf at a week old. a zs Y v OD 
ng fa Expense 
districts of Scotla nd, contains a great deal of infor Pasture, liay; and hay-making -. 9 \- о 
1 | Att endance, m ng, a — ing 
mation descriptive of our different dairy breeds in im eene im capital nto pere и M oO b 
and an cotlan and of the produce Insurance, 23 per cen 175-5706. 956 
ces. = 
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быз, е а 1 9, 
M. Млсхе, the author of the former division of the Pt 7 оды — bein - —— — 
| 
e Government upon passing | 
s very I sg above the average "profits that measure ; Wheat e to pr 2 to 20s., Beans | 
WP in ate; but Mr. Lxoxanp's land is what is and Peas to 188, and 20s. per and, in addition, 
to determine before , and to A perfect. nicety, | termed cheesy, and ‘also far fe die an average in р of | meas and live й fall —— Sheep at that 
what the properties of cows are with reference both ану. Add to these a very fine — 28 of eows, and very time fell to & ruinous price to the breeder, good: lambs 
€ 1 1 t ! an | uperior management in the details of сћвене- ei averagin 10s., and ewes from 14s. to 18s. each; this 
e time during whic n" can continue to give it. o it is not — that the result is far above у fall, however, is not r to the altera- 
e criterion itself consists in the particular deve- | а of the county, both as regards the annual | tion in the value of money, but to the circumstance of 
lopment of the hair a ү udder and perineum үне 9 — and the price realised per Ib. The а кен manufacturing interests being prostrated at that 
most cows, and to which the term scutcheon |а pre 2 2 e and expense may be pretty correctly 
(écusson) has been applied. Both M. Maene stated Pm eot to 1852 qr 3 have taken place, 
and Mr. Haxrow affirm the general connection} 00 Ibs. of cheese, at 534. msg i 9 
between the extension and vigo our of the scutcheon, 20 Ibs. of cream . — 14. таар: @ 
and the excellence of the cow for the dairy ; but ee a 
neither of them give that exclusive attention to this oun hey give VEE ick снаа о БИ б 
int which M. GuExoN had asserted it deserved. —— h ment 
2 arming. 
4 45 refers in the first е amon, id the and Deduet cost, as before. ~ 11 14 0 We all recollect the period that poor clay farms, lying 
s by which our selection of a go co —— in remote districts, could hardly be improved; manure 
to "e Le to the breed = descent, Um digestive Prot... . . 8H 0 could not be obtained, dn green crops could be 
and respiratory organs, shape, con The latter statement will, we believe, be considered produced, and consequently farms remained in the same 
feature s temperament, clo, thehygienie а. ксы Hd T ucester Vale farmers as above the | state, as regards e for gi ions. Now, 
to which cows have b n subjected, their age and the 1 with sufficient capital and ordinary skill, a greater 
number o ves t — e , the diseases by gre t deal of useful information is given in degree of improvement eam easily be effected. The 
which they have been affected; and it is only | other m: of the work on the produce of cows in mode formerly pursued was to 2 weh ue sn 
the local marks of quality that these taf, butter, 2 and milk ee some of Mr. portion of a lease, to maintain it during the middle 
Haxtox’ s descriptions we may hereafter — = portion, bas ee — —- soil: until EE 
however, they are thus placed amon tier — pu en in another section of this journal; їп | an taugen to n ore dee ceed | К 
— characteristics of duiry = ities г а — that the meantime we conclude with recommending | this 1 ч E 
may to a certain extent serve as trustworthy | little — to the attention of our readers a ету | or a 
indication of such —— seems to be — N addition to a somewhat thine е facture tura — 
v AXTON Says Pe ss n this particular branch of agriculture restored before another erop is taken, no о 77 wi ш 
he conelu sion aids to UENON’S See BPS sustained; but thi Id be 1 f the 
test of judging of - milking — of a co by the THE aim -— AGRICULTURE. inia cn no еар — — 
development of the he écusson, is that, in a very large We extract the fi from a very interesting ret 1 rr ys 
majority of o wey it pow out by he In a London жартысы lately айы; Бега the Diss Farmers’ Club, more or less, have an affinity for the ammonia mee 
dairy ngmg to Mr. Biggs, 31, geware Road, by Mr. — of Writtle :— in the common atmospheric air, and fix it as it comes 
where about 400 cows аге kept, and where nine-tenths| It was in the beginning v = 18th century that into JN its чече Tt thus becomes food for the 
of them are far above average milkers, the development | farming vi begun to be ca out upon principles | plants that s grown it. eareot 
& — wth & the hair on the P part of | then becoming general rotation of агора following at |'elay soils e — — this affinity. In 
— udder, em and perinteum, v foo N markable to | various intervals, ma ring with lime, marl, cha Ik, in Essex, especially that known as the улусту 
erase or by aecidental cause — Teng dang, soot „ &c., became general; but the soil consists of chalky clay, containin рше 4 
gain still the practice, alt ough improv ved, was carried out | less proportions of chalk in admixture. This land 
“In Mr. reese ar k stock of 40 dairy cows, on his upon the rules laid down and tran omitted — father | farmed by fallowing it in alternate years—fallow Barley, 
farm of Water-end, in the vale of ет meds Sais es- to son. Science had not then been brought to bear fallow Wheat, the fallows made by 3} ploughings, and 
traire—probably $ the finest pack in the e —the | проп agriculture; the — and management of rops rde agens and each averaging 
uniform development of the upward gr gro не 4 - z air on distriets was derived from long experience found best about 43 quarters per acre, This system has been 
tho udder an — s very remarkable on — — best adapted ы: ny soil, or ＋ ces of the situation. carried out for years tooth, aud some fields are well 
€ows, and indeed there are only a very few of them that | The Amer r to ok p n this So, and the | known as not grer been manured for 20 
сап be called inferior. Mr, LEONARD'S son, v decom eee that followed Fed war was greater than that 2 whieh elearly demonstrates the he prineiple, and 
panied t| "writer, and gave the necessary information of any subsequent period, Wheat fell as aa as 228. shows that vegetation may be supported for years 
regarding thé milking powers of the different animals, | per quarter, and the 1 were generally so low, that togetfier with no other support than is obtained by 
but who had never heard of M. GuENoN's test; admitted -p A of land were thrown out of tillage and | continuous exposure of the soil, by DE to the 
its gi in most of the eases to whieh it e ato Grass or wood. Many of our old pastures — of the air. This burning of the so in thas 
. 2 eee iE c is 2 С] т — . А е * 
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Frindes f 
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nourishment taken out of the soil by one 
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j bull, were | 5 50 years ago, many pieces of wood- | vegetable matter thereby forms potash, the chalk is 
5 as having something peculiar in their relative land were remembered by them as being tillage lands. converted into hydrate A lime, pi the iron is trans- 
| овче of milking. Upon examination, опе of them was About the year 1774 Marshall wrote * бюге | muted into food for the most delicate plants. 
found to have a very superior seutcheon, while that of of | treatise entitled “ Minutes of Farming.” He appea Mr. Baker then proceeded to the last portion of bis 
the other was as much inferior. The former was > to have been tvm cane similar in origin and aba to Mr. lecture, as to the prospects of farming. He was not 
first-rate vidit) while the other was one of the worst in | Mechi, and his works certainly stamp him as a man of sufficiently lm 255 zi men 
the whole pack.” profound judgment. Hecommenees his book by stating, from new — — == pm the better amd 
Having ourselves accompanied Mr. Haxron in his |“ Yesterday I discharged George Black, my farming more general applieatiom of those already discovered. 
ion of this herd of cows, we can fully bail „00 assist me io manage 
— 
h manage me on of manures, and 
description of this “¢eusson,” dE the various ы was acrazy crutch to lean — I therefore — extension of eattle and sheep feeding, would constitit 
modes in which it is s developed in different animals, termined in future to be my own manager, and, by | the main resources to whieh they must look, for 2 
we must refer to the book itsel noting down each day's misearriages, to learn to avoid progress so generally calculated would be the result 
€ it "rl ty e T specialty the first them in future.” He then proceeds with his minutes | the stimulating agents now so liberally applied to 
snd detail led de ыны tated with drawings for three years, and which affor rd a great deal of informa- il icut he stated, to force land to produce 
tion relating to the price of grain, meat, labour, &e., | beyond a —— limit that nature’ appeared to ha 
It is "e however in ihid so much as in the latter | through that period. The progress of agriculture went ai Пн not alreade i ved, 
t of th e work that our correspondent will find tion, s steadily to на commencement of ће French Revolu- | up to that 8 By of illustration he ; 
which he is i i 
nt given of m acre (m gr d in sa» 
on his farm is indeed somewhat meagre—but of the ment followed in agriculture ; waste lands were enclosed, | year, could it be by any means ensured! And if betting 
a ZEE produce of the others full detail is — e — machinery | was inel a the criterion of opinion, what 2 be 
ven; and as most o i ion i : л | > e utmost energy was exlii- | obtain inst, rather than in favour o 5 
E 1; most of the information is derived 5 и — — Pr “The „ ra der 
Pecans Sa ited; the application of bon takin isk of | 
duis 1» m: | the different dairy districts Turnips, and the t demand for meat, gave great | that Me — r | 
ver р year, it is of gre e. For both | stimulus to the production of that root, assume the contrary, it was undeniably true. | 
average prods mmy * deu I and 3 high 8 ics — 18 of the Swedish Turnips from application of power to a machine ine was analogous t е 
» we go to|Sweden, an 50 urzel, added still further to lication of eapital. farming ing ; higher you . 
e of which the following account. is that advancement. The foundation of good pieced 5 atte val ж) "€ must | 
EC ment was therefore laid. i oduced manure, 
eost and of an manure produced corn, and this, with the rapid di wn 
ied: ae stock’ „д cce CAR i 8 cow of Mr. —— of information by the press and the Bi rd m 
How. Chee a Зеб MEM. Our am L aM — through the writings of Young, Sinclair. 
the marks by. shiek О = — of. all | antd-others,.eleva кам уеде а pert i 
tained. By J. Н. Maase, Professor of the Veterinary School, don unknown at any former period; The Holkham — and the ri ! pet 
—. t — о — ar Brittin — dhearinga and the spirited :conduct of ig Coke | less: nother most’ important subjeet, and to dhe 
mitem management, and produetive results; with hints also advanced the „ and h his instru- publie "itn is now becoming directed, is 
Back Ф Sox, Queen Street, Glasgow engravings. mentality pasah was looked up to as estie pre- | inereasing demand fcr labour, „апа the advance of wif | 
—— н —— ——— ае mode of cultivation.. which me ken placo and is still om: ‘ator 
uii prices quoted at this period. for grain must not! itself is materially affects ects the 
