28—1853. ] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 443 
than the above calculation indicates, does not present 2 the carriage; a process which, though Messrs. Stratton The inmates would simply pay for — lodging and and 
that double inequality or irregularity of arrangement & Hughes, of Bristol, have — ucted a а tilt-waggon, | washin ng. They would provide their own food. Iron 
which the irregular distribution of each separate item | seems almost incompatible w with $ construction of any teads, with straw mattresses, Sac г fixed in.each . 
of it through the months might — us to expect, when | other than a two-wheeled sca i "| bedroom, and there would be a certain q uantity бн ар 
ose items are combined, arises simply from the faet As regards the other side of the — ауын points; strong. plain furniture roae for the hall, besides 
that the inerease of the one en КАА щру, gene- | in which a waggon seems superior cart for зө ег kitchen utensi Ko. us of the. house 
rally along with the deerease of the other ; the labour | tural purposes—may deserve — — It 
of carriage happening chiefly in the autamn and winter | presents a more steady platform, on which а heavy and and simple. The whole —— sinit y на 
months, and that of cultivation chiefly during spring and Fe à load. may therefore a more safely erected ; and | ducted ostensibly on a business om з A young. 
ar as hay and straw 
early onveyance of suc ds a man would be able to get a el fortable 
apparent inconsistency of its results wit e Ma" it is, perhaps, ert iom than It із room at as cheap a —.— h i — pay — 
truth, it thus appears, does not diseredit the — also urged in a favour, tl e four-wheeled convey- | where for one noisy and dirty. In the hall the lodgers... 
and we may, therefore, confidently accept this conclu- | ance may be “ dragged ” — bil; and that the horse | would take their meals, which would be соокей by the. 
might, 
sion from it—that carriage is at least one-half of the | is also saved, in such a case, eextra weight that comes | woman of the house at a trifling, charge. They 
| horse labour of a farm. The се of the machines | upon its back when the load rests there, as well as on if they pleased, contract. for board with her paying. 
t «ота in this labour is thus a matter of great то- | the wheels of the carriage, as it does in the case of a | weekly what was agreed upon, or they might — for- 
; their construction, so as io facilitate the accom- | cart. But the answer to this latter allegation is, that a | themselves. Those in regular work. would probably 
deere e their purposes, seems to be a matter of the | load admits of being perfectly balanced upon the wheels | have their. victuals together according to the same 
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cheapness, strength and efficiency, in the most econo- vities, a horse able to pull a given weight up the one | upon the capital invested. If requisite, a portion of ber 
mieal proportions, with n" to —— character side of the hill, will take it . wine other without | money might be raised by means of a mortgage on 
of the work to be done. enera farm car- | inconvenience. In com mparing a and waggon for uilding erected, The committee. exercise а. 
.riage is field work; and the — th and make of the all farm purposes, we have to Sie this advantage for | business-like rather a moral control over the 
implement nno ought to - fr sty pest d to the | the former, that different bodies may be used f or the | lodgers. But habits of order and decency may fairly 
circumstances of rough roads and soft — — same pair of wheels, and that thus a mere phe be exacted іп any ordinar or in "n 
which, in the ease above alluded to, about 0. tons for the carriage of straw, or a shafted box for the con- therefore the mere dry oversight of the committee 
are d one mile per ann re roots, may be used at would, to some extent, ensure tolerable repeat +. This 
the turnpike road, along which, from such a farm, not | pleas The same wheels which carry an ordinary principal direet means I would rely u or i 
more than 8000 tons are hauled one mile. per annum, Scotch. — will carry the “ harvest body ” with which | and governing the lodgers would be : 
ies 0 in Robertson 's harvest cart. be uraged to maintain. 
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ary cireumstan f farm work, its struc ture on whieh е ton A may easily be built without | receive notice to quit, and they would р y set their 
regar ance g very great height of load. From the article faees decidedly against any disorders which. 
power, and the facilities it presents for e 4 — in Blackie's Cyclopedia of Agriculture. render their stay insecure. i 
1 . А 
.to that in rated above, p n 
— * in the first place, as regards the fitness and conye-| HOUSES FOR UNMARRIED LABOURERS, wou uld be bb the — and his wife. They а 
сео i I 
4 i Іх commenting upon the h good-nature as is 
will endeavour to justify my preference of | object appended to my letter of Feb. 12, I shall not | consistent with — wife would have plenty to 
the cart to the waggon for ordinary farm work. There | examine the matter in a business point of view—that is, do in the way of cookin кашым, housework, &е. The 
are at least three several Fue on се that prefer- | аз to the possibility of the institution being self-support- | man’s employment — depend u circumstances 5 - 
ence may be justified. The fi is, the greater conve- | ing, but proceed to consider whether it would operate | but at all events he would have to take the weekly rent, 
ry as of the smaller machi in Da ne -horse cart may advantageously in a country village, or anywhere else, | and keep all things ie erigit a he conli, If any land 
xed to the i ee i = i to 
t 
portionate to the trifling nature of the work to be done, | college—do any good, permanently, to the f fu the super- 
and in places where a waggon would be an awkward | whom it is intended, that — for young unmarried intendent to cultivate and make what vata of it he 
and eumbrous rrr to e mplo у, vis for purposes | labourers? and could d the ey,as a general rule, be induced could, with the aid of the lodgers, who should either 
ently as or It would seem ö t | 
e | portions 
second is, the greater efficiency of a — when placed species of benevolent bribery very much in contrast to the different lodgers for them to cultivate when and 
ee shafts, and supporting part of the load. А with the self-supporting prin ciple. If —— give young how they irem bas UA — appointed a com- 
orse in a eart carries. of the load, and so has only men who ordinarily live on bread and cheese and pe son to aet as superintendent, taking care that 
part of the load to draw; and not only so, but he is in Potatoes, with an onion or slice of. — for an his wife was — di able to — the duties — would 
а better position for drawing when he has a load on his occasional relish, a daily meal of savoury butcher's devolve upon her, we should, as soon as the lodging- 
than ; In meat at the same und to them as the aforesaid house was occu ied, suggest to the inmates (as has 
order to the perfect efficiency of a draught animal, he| bread, cheese, Potatoes, &c. you may imd fill | been before — tbat they сеа draw up a sort of 
must be placed so as to bring all his muscular power | your agricultural diio bui if та advantage is code of laws for their own guidance. They might eleet 
into work ; and there is not only no interference with — to be had by means of an increase utlay on their | officers — emselves to take care that laws 
riz — | part ur i i 
weight ac m ervi n 
his greater wei may more securely act. Compare them at a nominal charge. I do not think the institu- importance of inducing men to punish petty de- 
horses Mes the shafts of two separate carts, tion would be either permanent or beneficial Not meanours, an intain decent i i 
—— pair pulling tandem at a waggon ; and the latter permanent, because subscriptions have an unfortunate rules of their own, without any applitetion. to — 
the must appear to be placed most disadvantageously for | habit of evaporating ; and when they failed your college —— A power of positively exeluding an ob- 
P^. cmi ce of work. The third ground on which | would be bankrupt. Not — because it would be | noxious comrade might be granted to the lodgers upon 
ten wih bx it ae to waggons is, the greater facili- | a sort-of juvenile —— med, we will hope, good reason shown. 1 should look much to this pro- 
ich belong to their use. Their © shelboards" are from vicious abuses and ud sloth Љу. the | vision of self-government for the repression of disorder 
2 80 high; the ire over which they have to be filled vigilance of the —.— (provided he be vigilant), and immorality; such as drunkenness and late hours, 
not so far from the ground. Now, the height to but little caleulated to teach young men to lean upon — Им: There would be three classes - 
Whieh a load — 2 to be delivered is a very material their own industry—to give them strength of character, | of lodgers: Ist, —— from 15 to 17; 5 a 
— th the expense g it from one or habits of fortitude and patience ; —— eee drm тае aria any age. Ist 
Place to Another, of life яму be staved off for a time, but it will, and | cl e 
wit ern labourer, digging a гой — they il nter it the parental EO: — лау Бей letter ter briefly 
-— sover m 200 square yards, — iy | Now, — e great object to aim at would seem to be this : deseribed what sort of thing the parental roof of the 
ha — fé; ini ina dy m e to 12 inches deep; to leave young men to themselves as much as we con- | labourer very often is. Itis often not merely a cause 
dmm thus turn over to 100 tons of earth per — ean, and to influence them. without their | of discomfort, but of gross indecency, to retain grown-up: - 
' — — Ehe а aw w well aware of it, I am not'opposin g Judicious | lads of the labouring class at home. ottages seldom » 
viia. гт lift more than from 16 to 20 cubic yards, | mim pe T times, and friendly advice; far | possess more than two bedrooms ; if there is a third, it 
ың, he had to throw this earth over the side of a from it. But I am opposing. the notion of visible | is probably let to a oe In the case of many 
о — he not — — than one- | authoritative oversi sight in the ease of young men who | families there must be, therefore, a most objecti et 
of "part of the lifted in rst case ; and, | are working for their daily bread, and are old enough, in | crowding together of the various inmates of the cottage, 
ibaa be en » the ae com edge over sia the асай a worldly point of view, to take care of themselves, | But even where there is sufficient space at home, it does 
iban wn—the.higher the edge of the cart or | Instead, — = а —— eue the daily formal superin- | not seem unnatural for a youth, when he can earn hi: 
lal — ‘that he is кайр айе, em will be the tendence of system of patron and own living to go forth and shift for himself. He will 
, Connected with the shifting of a given weight of dependent, 1 should prefer a a plan more simple a and more probably do so whether there be the inducement of a 
€ To lower the and bed of the vehiele | humble, 1 model Ms herd before him or not, and he will often 
would lessen the- labour of filling it by a fifth or numi a be built or re capable of e containing, fall into Th i i 
‘ait parta m | by way of commencement, — wineries lodgers, each of where they ean ; sometimes finding a respeetable 
ч t there is vet another- ground for the: preference whom fer have a separate bedroom, however small, lodging, sometimes the reverse. Generally, in a large 
whieh 1 have to justify, and that is, the greater to himself. A good-sized hall or living room, a kite chen, parish, there are half a dozen young men or more, w 
carts as í ing е неке and other offices would oceupy the ground-floor, whilst | have no settled home at all: they are the black sheep 
— the а of the 1000 acre mit alluded ече, the bedrooms would be above. couple of rooms | of the flock, and usually at the bottom of any mischief 
) 6000 tons—tlie roots and the man would be allotted to a steady man — his wife, who | or сеи that takes place. When they have cash they 
without labour, by the mere — up рам have the charge of the whole establishment. | occupy their time in а Tn of edifying visits to all the 
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