36—1853. | THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 571 
different varieties, but all in a greater or less degree | water), left undecomposed ; and hydrofluoric and car- blished а system of — dare „ which 1s 1s admirably 
the properties of Жең. and retentiveness, and | bonic acids are given off during P noxious gases adapted to promote y oem ne arming, as it enlisted on its 
are, for the par & stiff, cold, heavy character tom uoride and carbonate of calcium — -especially | side and de loped those qualities prudence and 
s are generally ex ely good for agricu n su porphosphate from coprolites. Guano is good economy for which the Scottish tish character has been noted 
chanically and chemical hey contain be 8 with it immemori time it 
purposes, 
more lime than ы and generally a larger amount о 
OSphorie acid. They are not so stiff, and are 
e- as sulphate, the sulphuric а of which is formed from | i 
ei contains a large amount of N H, ammonia 
contains ood deal of 
ti 
work. On the whole,|iron pyrites in coal; it a а goo 
they form one of the best classes of soils for agricult carbon, &e, and mi isla is a good quick-acting E S without the onerous düties k 
purposes. Loam soils also justly bear a high character | manure. 
for agricultural value. They generally contain most of 8). A farmer will be guided in the —€— of 
the ef в. of the f. f plants, and their physieal farmyard or artificial manure by circ ces, Such as chee MUTTON MANUF ACTURE. 
properties are generally very good. The Hes of | position > farm, position of field to be — &e, ip 
alluvial г principally depends a the large a chemical analysis of the soil also will show him f oi zat d y! probability ofthe ‘went 
organic matter they contain or agri жуе pre whether the AS mech y a single substance will not be 2 ne naeh à — "ied Z 
poses they are of great value. Calcareous soils contain | of as much benefit at rate as an expensive di d › Going downwan ton w : " 
for the most a ense prepondera of lime, | manuring with farm BN nure : this has frequently | < Ls t Y till — of muten which sells best in the 
d physically are generally of light nature, and аге been the case. In applying artificial manures, howey: — К rr — — — 
frequently good agricultural soils, though inferior in | it i ary to know exact! t substances you are н — y T к< аша — aro 
ue to the fore-mentio e Silicious soils are, | applying, whether quick or slow acting—whether go — ——" ma ri — —— 
as their name implies, ligl ndy, extremely | for youn or not. is necessar now = — н : ath — — 
porous nature, of but little agricultural value. There the exact nature of the soil, that you may apply the — nya v се и 
ver, many other soils of ed character, the | substances in which it is deficient is very necessary fers asi uall * f 4 
value of which frequently depends very h on their | to know the 1 of time which must elapse before = »- — d n 
— n * hysical condi -— ^ ay mm manure will to aet, otherwise you may — 2 — — in — течан in 
owever termine exactly the agricultural value of | bury your capital in the ground for years before benefit : 
any particular soil is by chemical ansiysia,; м Я Ы 1 Dues = 
which any soil is ices m may at 
once be discovered and its want supplied, which will be 
found a much cheaper method than applying an expen- 
ure, when the infertility may be remedied bya 
single substance. 
(2). The value of many alluvial soils for TE 
purposes очи chiefly upon the large ND : - 
organie r ntain ; an 
benefit derived by a 
hen 
applyi quicklime to them, whieh 
assists the de 1 * nd ^ 
lants, especially when young. 
3). One of the principal phy sical chart ters which 
uence the fertility of soils, i is its porosi 
of retaining le u 
ber of s 
Ag ood soil will of 
tain | © 
— 
(5). fa of the chief reasons in support of the view 
that Plants derive organie matter fro -i the a here 
and oxygen, - of the prineipal 
ies from the 
It is also | u 
of 5 
— oe row — M that none is taken 
ms Superphosphat of lime is generally porsaan for | 18 
gricultural purposes from either bones о 
t bone 
es) and one-third of thei v 
to them, and well mixed ир; r 
be 3 or 4 hours 50,, (oil ‹ of utet pe one- 
ird of the weight of the coprolites, should be sprinkled 
Over them, and the whole well mixed and left to dry for 
2or3 erden age it may be 2 
* of — of super 
50 о RRR oP 
m 8 E . 
2 
Š 
Ф 
3 tons of coprolites _... w 
1 ton “ sor : jii da 
1 ton of a 
Grindi 
Mixing" 
— 
417 0 0 
5 tons of 
F There i p not, however’ quite . adi df die 8 
a good deal antes water 
Although i mixture ean thas’ 
AL, it cog god ton, an 
from 61. il reki: 
Phate, instead of appl 
ying copro 
phosphoric a ( a and lime (600 existing in ses 
uble, 
шаре 
"The chem 
ttn i 18 ag W = 
80, (sulph, Ms io Сао 80, 
ot of Lime. y 5 
d Po Yo Po Y. 2 2 PO, Cao 
phosphate coprolite 8 is a mechan 
Superphosp ua 
mixture of of .gy biphosphate of lime юные je in especially as 
water), and tribasic phosphate me (insoluble їп and the 
of lime 
sais of NH. O. 80. 
d 
on | Stances 
applied to to young — 
з mor much a ammonia, & e. gini * well be applied 
It is also well 
— = - 63. per lb, for N II. 
е in guano, at 10/. per ton. Rn the sulphate, be 
ing 15“. per ton, as obtained from gas. water, the i 
pri — will be ascertaine d by the following calculation : | 9" Sussex Downs, in fact, со 1 12445 b. - 
‚ 0. SO, is the — of sulphate of ammonia ; - ba of Clover-hay „and 12, sine To pot iti 
— to produce 100 lbs. 
ing quantities of each 
Equ 
чүн, 577 kind of of food in the 
Oil-cake , 8 
—. 294 0 
Per Ib. for N H, Clover-hay wee ore * 259 12 
зв. = 6i. 
i Ithough N H, — sulphate of ammonia — — төз Swed 2 
—.— а >» ll kind 
Whereas the Sussexes required, to nan diis. 
live igit. the following quantitian ace 
Oil-cake . . v. 07 
— - 
e bought, as there 
vi doe re money. Osmond жен = 
HISTORY vid — — — 
556.) 
Ber ving — eot re e last quarter of 
18th Sentry it would be an 5 to omit tee 
— t agricultural wonder of th 
— invention of ‘the thre 
От a total faod nf all kind) ^. 4704 
єч The Sussex sh 
rming. 201 
mil del | 
utn whieh all the beater-drum threshing-mills of Scot- 
nd were subsequently m "pi e. Flail m and 
| rubbing 8 had been long neg but the 
reign of old king * fail " did not receive i 
деа. blow a Meikle’ beater-drum — — i 
го 
tion {о a minimum, сг d let loose a new capi ital, 
for the са * of the soil and the erection | 
of farm | 
As we € — towards the end of the 18th vari ta | 
we find a host of 3 agn s in operation for the 
improvement of Scottish agriculture, yet we would experience, i 
invariable conclusion ; | à 
err were еы to attribute the yh de ind that it. niny not b bed 
far for the increase 
+ shires consumed 491 tons of Swedes, and 
only 36 1 1-10th, "The po were, however, rauch the 
an | Smaller, and more wou to the acre, 
an experiment, it required that 
— — it is most desirable to 
mes y 
conn with the development of 
lan d, for it it must be w 
kn Y 
he border, Jethro Tull had, many 8 before the He dus в, “ Su , then, that in riran 100 0s ef 
eriod to which reference is made, published his cele- x 
Taia rok sa deil which he showed the | With them, and paid for by t —— wi ЕА 
advantages row culture o in and crops. как › 
After hen arose qual brated ur Young, 5 ed — S — Уе: 
whose tours supplied a vast repository of — — 
agricul facts, often ba ed, but always 1909 
faithfully stated, " contem nt That is to say, in consuming 100 dre of Swedes (and 
writers to work u T of green-crop | the dey foods), Sussex sheep w 
husbandry and the e of Cove iments, given th 
eir m the and so also did ing and | oil-eake and 1909 Ibs. more Clover than the 
draining. So good a use, plates did E Scotch | To have the quan 
owners and VIDE of of the а ут however, i „there 
3 age, 47 that by the end of the 80 Hampshire and about 110 of the Sussex 
18th century the outstripped their teachers in ow, this hat we sidere 
the application of ais 7 ee des m ractice, | * of the sheep-feeder ur 
regards usbandry o green crops | 1t rge p make more jn. 
They had, moreover, esta. [area of, consume Jess food for the mutten 
