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achievement. During the first half of the nineteenth century, 
the limited but well-settled area of the United States was apparently 
more evenly furnished with men interested in plants and their 
distribution than at any period before or since. Professional 
men, business men and army officers in all parts of eastern 
North America sent their specimens to Dr. Torrey; while the 
collections made on many of the expeditions sent to explore the 
yet unknown portion of the West came to him for study. Dr. 
Torrey’s successors lost no opportunity to increase the value and 
usefulness of the original foundation and accumulated much 
important material by means of exploration, exchange and 
purchase. 
The Garden and the Columbia herbaria supplement each other 
as well as any two separately formed collections could. The 
consolidation of the herbaria cited in the following list may be 
considered the foundation of the Garden herbarium 
The J. J. Crooke herbarium— North American mainland, 
West Indies and Pacific Ocean regions. 
The F. M. Hexamer herbarium — North American mainland 
and Europe. 
The H. E. Hasse herbarium — Central and western United 
States, Mexico and Greenland. 
P, A. Rydberg herbarium — Western United States and 
Sweden. 
The L. R. Gibbes herbarium — Southeastern United States. 
The P. V. LeRoy herbarium — North American mainland, 
West Indies and Europe. 
. Edwards herbarium — North American mainland, 
say ares and Australia. 
A. M. Vail herbarium — Eastern United States. 
The F. E. Lloyd herbarium — Pacific slope and eastern North 
America. 
The O. R. Willis herbarium — Eastern United States. 
he F. S. Earle herbarium — North American mainland, es- 
pecially the south and the west. 
The W. A. Murrill herbarium — Eastern United States, 
The E. G. Britton herbarium — Eastern North America. 
