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The work of the fourth grade supplements that of the third by 
widening the environmental circle into Jndustrial Geography. 
Those things that we use daily and that form a part of our very 
lives as it were, but that cannot be produced or profitably pro- 
duced “around home”’ may be studied with a view to a wider 
knowledge and broader outlook for the child. In the Horace 
Mann School the children of this grade raise and make a study 
of flax and cotton ; they raise wheat and plant winter-rye; this 
year, owing tothe long dry summer, the peanuts matured as well 
as the cotton and tobacco. By means of pictures combined with 
eae it is possible to learn how bananas and pineapples 
grow; how cocoanuts are adapted for floating and Brazil-nuts 
for ling to know something of how and where all the fruits 
and nuts grow, also tea, coffee, sugar, the various spices, and 
ated A slash in the stem of a rubber-tree gives a child an 
affection for his rubbers that he never experienced before. The 
arrangement of all these things and more, with pictures and 
photographs upon three shelves in the front of the schoolroom, 
illustrative of the cold, the seins and the hot belts, is not 
only delightful ; it is bet instruc 
As regards the industry of 6 something is learned of 
the trees that are of value for lumber, but this subject is for the 
most part reserved for the forestry work of the fifth grade. 
In. the line of fisheries, there is new and exhaustless material- 
both from fresh and from salt water ; the clam and oyster (and the 
star-fish), the big French snails that make “ good pets,” the lob- 
ster with the craw-fish for a delegate, and a more detailed study 
of the fishes in aquaria. 
In ing and quarrying there is a series of valuable lessons on 
building. materials and the metals in common use, all of which 
can be easily and amply illustrated. 
The fifth grade in the Horace Mann School makes a very cred- 
itable study of trees and birds. The study of trees includes the 
recognition of twenty-five or thirty of the most common trees of 
the parks, with preservation of the leaf, twig or fruit in a port- 
folio; the study of the tree as a plant and the functions of its 
various parts, involving simple experiments in plant physiology 
