105 



Florum nulla notitia." To atone for this, perhaps, he called one 

 of the most beautiful genera by the name Camellia. It is usually 

 stated that Kamel introduced this plant into Europe from Japan 

 in 1739 ; but he died in 1706, and there is every reason to be- 



rest upon a more solid foundation, since for his age he must 

 have been a wonderful man, though under the rules his work 

 goes for nothing. Many of his plants are still preserved in the 

 British Museum, and 260 of his unpublished drawings are at 

 Louvain in Belgium. 



Many of the leading scientific explorers included the Philip- 

 pines in their travels, spending as a rule about a month at or 

 near Manila, though Sonnerat, the first to arrive, far exceeded 

 this limit. Sighting Luzon in September, 1771, he spent five 

 months and a half in this island, Panay, Mindanao and Jolo. 

 His chief interest was in birds, but he describes and figures many 

 plants, and seems to have taken to Europe not only dried speci- 

 mens, but either living ones or seeds, some of which were grown 

 in France and described by Lamarck. 



Commerson is said to have visited the group about the same 

 time : but the Bougainville expedition was unable to reach the 

 Philippines, and if he was there later his collections were of little 



The Spanish Malaspina expedition in 1792 brought with it 

 three naturalists, one of whom, Pineda, was a zoologist rather 

 than a botanist. He explored the country north of Manila, but 

 died within three months, and his plants, if he collected any, 

 have not been described. Nee and Haenke, the other two, are 

 more important, though neither wrote anything concerning his 

 collections. But Cavanilles for the former, and Presl and others 

 for the latter, have supplied the want, so that this was the first 

 expedition from which much has come permanently into Phil- 

 ippine botany. Haenke's trip was eventful. At the outset 

 he missed the ship at Cadiz by one day, and taking the next one, 

 three weeks later, for the La Plata River, was there shipwrecked, 

 lost almost everything, became ill, and thus was again late at 

 Montevideo. Scarcely recovered, he followed the party to 



