106 



Buenos Aires, only to fail a third time, but undismayed crossed 

 the Andes and at last found the party in Chile. 



Cavanilles also says that Cuellar had spent the five years pre- 

 ceding 1 79 1, collecting, describing, and drawing Philippine 

 plants, but no other mention of him, beyond the mere name, 



Chamisso collected in the neighborhood of Manila in Decem- 

 ber, 1817, and January, 1818, and obtained some interesting 

 species. Perrottet was in Mindanao, Luzon, and others of the 

 islands from November, 18 19, to January, 1 8 20. 



But it was the fourth decade of the centuiy which was most 

 memorable. Meyen in 1831, Gallery in 1835, and Gaudichaud 

 in 1837, especially the first, got valuable collections. Of greater 

 interest to us is the work of the United States Exploring Expe- 

 dition, which did not not however spend much time in the Philip- 

 pines, but visited Luzon, Mindanao, and the Jolo archipelago. 

 Asa Gray described their material, but only part of his manu- 

 script was ever published. The Dumont d'Urville expedition, in 

 1839, was less fortunate, being driven away by pirates from the 

 east coast of Mindanao, after a few hours on shore. They sub- 



d the 



mthw 



who froi 



it by far of all Philippin 

 1835 to II 



wly ev 

 ra, Singar. 



of the 

 vas Hugh Cuming, 

 important island in 



and St. Helena as 



the group, 



well. He was an all-round naturalist with a first preference for 

 shells, yet he took back to England 130,000 specimens of dried 

 plants, representing over 2,450 numbers, of which about 2,200 

 were Philippine and form the basis of numerous descriptions. 

 Unfortunately the remainder have often been so cited and much 

 confusion has resulted. This has taken place similarly with other 

 collectors, but the complication has not been in any other case 



Cuming further introduced several species of living orchids 

 into Europe, and thus first called attention to the beauties of this 

 element of the flora. For the next thirty years the islands were 

 diligently explored by orchid-hunters, who sent home many 

 species of plants, mostly confined to this one family. An excep- 



