201 
of Russula, Lactarius, etc., but underbrush nearly everywhere 
and too much water for many of the large southern forms, so 
that agarics are found mostly here and there, often singly and 
largely on stumps, logs and standing trunks, which afford better 
drainage than the mossy banks and bogs. This part of Maine 
strikingly resembles certain parts of Sweden, though other por- 
tions of Sweden furnish ea agarics in great abundance. 
e large woody fungi, the other hand, such as Pyropoly- 
porus igniarius, 1s, Efvingia me, ee Elfvingia fomentaria, Fomes 
ungulatus and Piptoporus suberosus, are dient common, 
oftentimes on unusual hosts. It common sight, for 
xample, to see a dead birch i eae filled with the mycelium 
ae abounding with the sporophores of Fomes ungulatus, a species 
more commonly confined to coniferous wood. The most com- 
mon polypore on living birch trees is sl cies s 
mgricans, which evidently does much damage. The typical form 
of this species appears to attack elm, where it occurs, to the 
exclusion of most other deciduous trees, often killing the tree 
early in life. On an island at Passadum where we camped, 
there were a number of elms, as well as ees birches, etc. 
he elms were attacked almost without exception even when 
very young, while the fungus was not found upon a single other 
tree. Without doubt, more damage is done by wood-destroying 
fungi in this and many other lumbering districts of Maine than 
s been suspected and the damage will increase and become 
more evident as the work of lumbering continues. 
was interesting also to notice that almost all of the wild 
cherry trees found scattered through the woods were entirely 
dead and their trunks covered with the sporophores of an unde- 
scribed species of Porta. The northwest slope of Boarstone 
ountain, swept by fire three years ago, is now overgrown with 
sae thickets of birch and cherry, the latter violently attacked 
by black knot, which is killing the trees in large numbers. 
have never before seen the disease so abundant and virulent, 
except in the high mountains of Virginia where in certain sections 
every cherry and plum tree, both wild and cultivated, appears to 
have succumbed to its ravages. 
