February, 1919. | Annual Address. xix 
and the extension of snow and ice far to the south of their 
a through wee large ie ea ot Nae and boulders 
of pre pane and its occurrence at any particular spot 
equally characteristic of the interglacial intervals. Deposits 
of both kinds are common throughout the British Isles and 
many as six Glacial and five Y piteslasial epochs has been 
established in Europe. It is in the river deposits of the Inter- 
glacial epochs that the oldest relics of Pleistocene man have 
been discovered. Later on man became a_cave-dweller, 
and records of successive stages in the history of his develop- 
ment have been left by him, in the form of remains either 
of himself or of his handiwork, in the floors of many Euro- 
pean caves 
Altogether ten culture-stages of prehistoric man are 
recognised by archeologists; they are, beginning with the 
lates 
ome 
prt Oe fe OS 
Iron Age. 
Copper and Bronze Age. 
Neolithic. 
Azilian. ? Transition. 
Magdalenian, 
Solutrian, 
Aurignacian. 
Mousterian, 
uetieray Older Paleolithic. 
Chellean 
Younger Paleolithic. 
Each of the above stages is characterised by distinctive arti- 
facts and many of them by the presence of human remains, 
especially throughout the later stages, though in the older 
Palxolithic deposits human remains are rare. Till compara- 
tively recently, the oldest race known was Neanderthal man, 
of whom numerous remains have been found in Mousterian de- 
posits, first at Neanderthal and subsequently elsewhere. This 
race differed remarkably from modern man (H. sapiens) and is 
