162 _ Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XV, 
but later siddhantas more correctly imply that it is the angle 
NXK = é — x, that is, the angle between the circle of Wales 
and the circle of latitude, or, what is the same thing, the angle 
CXE’ between a circle (X. BE’) parallel to the prime Sarin! and 
the a 
In the triangle oo since KXP = x, PK = wo, KX =90° 
and XP = 90° — 6, we hav 
(i) sin x = sin PX sin XKP/sin XP 
= sin w sin (90° + A) / cos 6 
and in the triangle NXP 
(ii) sin € = sin PNX sin ¢/ cos 6, 
a hoa the text substitutes sin A sin ¢/cosé. The angle 
= € is termed. aksha valana, or ‘ deflection due to latitude,’ 
and oe angle x is termed dyana valana, or ‘ deflection due to 
obliquity.’ 
(t) The drikarma and planetary conjunctions. By some of 
the later Hindu astronomers the subject of planetary conjunc- 
tions is considered. Two planets are said to be in conjunction 
when they are on the same circle of position (that is on the same 
P 
Fig. 1 
tigre td to the ae vertical), and on such a circle the stars 
and set simultaneously. Unless, however, the circle of 
oon coincide with a pig a of latitude, the two stars cannot 
