1919.] The Sixth Indian Science Congress. XxeVii 
here are We ppg ~ exports of food in rmal season and s 
ity a prevailed in t parts of the District i in say yon years wane 1896, 
enelaites of the fendi yaar 
Statistics of the rise and fall of the water in a es on the raged 
Farm show that the rise of the subsoil water in the monsoon up to 
certain point amount to five or six times a contemporary rainfall 
measured in —— whereas the fall at the end of the monsoon is about 38 
inches in a month. 
The sa foty of the paddy crop, depending on the aa water, could 
ed if the subsoil water could be maintained at a sufficiently high 
level by holding up water in tanks placed in Schall # r t rimeter 
of e luff he highest terraces. E ce indicates that h 
tanks, filled me hii y by showers and leaking mevsgrincters 4 into the 
n 8 , need only hold about 5 ft. of w one time in 
order to y or ver three or f ks of arodght Tanks, 100 
ft. wide, the capacity of which could be increased at a low cost, ec 
wo ient in Poort S bow wie and are economically justifiable 
They would be c and each would have an emergency 
outlet fi into the paddy nfld iiseeciiabaly behind it and below the previous 
If the rain wa t now runs off the surface could ime are be 
brought eae deveral Seat in this way, I} page orse 
made available for six months in the year, on a Searels estimate, 
fo 
from the Ranchi District (7,000 sq. oslo) pf aa 
The importance of the development of the dairy industry 
i i y W. SMITH 
Development of —— industry in India is important from an 
Pichocdicned point of view because 
(1) Only by this means can the greatest of of 0d —— problems i in 
g pro 
India—the cattle-bree 
(2) It perticularly. lends itself | to development on co-operative lines. 
Agricultural co-o on has been the business salvation of the small 
holder in many ec cakes ; it should be so in Tn ‘dia 
(3) The solving of the cattle-breeding peabion on da airying lines 
e same time enormously increase pani, e 
e farmer will breed, rear and feed his nimal on his own land, 
and its amiaia e will be available to renew ae fertility of the soil year 
by me 
eral or national point of view it nae 5. t because 
c ar row aes paar aan s essential to the health of the community ; 
they cannot get it now, and nothing but the development of dairying 
as a national aaa will give it to them 
The oy peaiern of tostion dairy cattle—By A. K. 
YEGNANARAYANA IYER 
A brief statement of the present condition of ne dairy industry is 
and the are reviewed. 
iven : 
i improvement of the mulling qe quality of dairy, sors A) b y confining opera- 
tions to the indigeno and grading them up by ” selection, and (2) 
by the introduction of fe — a blood by phoee breeding with Ayrshire or 
other British or Aus tralian breeds, is desc The milkin 
re bred 5 
on, as the only means of guarding against t disappointment in in 
pope: performance of the cows of crossbred progeny. 
