244 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XV, 
48 Garhs or Talookas.”’ Itis, 1 consider, almost a necessary in- 
ference from this to suppose that the list of Talugdars was not a 
list of Daos in charge of Barhons but a list of the old Diwans 
in charge of Chaurasis. 
78. In regard to the lists in question Mr. Hewitt writes 
‘‘ The Haihaibansi rulers introduced a number of adventurers 
‘*from Hindusthan, making over to them the land of the older 
settlers ; and the lists of Bilaspur Taluqdars prepared in the 
“time of Lachhman Singh show that the greater part of the 
‘“* Taluqdars were of foreign extraction.” This is an interesting 
point. It shows that even by the 16th century considerable 
progress had been made in scone direction of dispossessing the 
primitive inhabitants by means of more vigorous immigrants 
from Upper India. At the Seas time there is a very obvious 
cleavage between the more primitive inhabitants of the hills 
and forests and the dwellers in the open plains. The former 
Chamars. Doubtless the substitution of foreign taluqdars 
for the old local chieftains was a concomitant of this process of 
dispossession. 
79. One other glimpse of these early days is given us by 
Mr. Chisholm. He tells us (Report, para. 57) that ‘‘ the army 
** maintained by Kaliyan Sahai was not of a idable character. 
The following is a detail of its strength :— 
2,000 “aptee cmt 
5,000 germ 
3,600 degtch eck: 
2,600 Archers. 
000 Sowars. 
Total .. 14,200 men. 
‘ There would also seem to have been maintained an estab- 
*“ lishment of 116 elephants.”” Unfortunately we do nt know 
whether these figures represented a standing army or were 
merely the total of the local levies which the local chieftains 
were Daciuiied to put in the field at the bidding of their over- 
lord. e know from Agnew’s report that the “ Petty Lords ”’ 
supplied the Raja on his requisition with money according to 
is wants and “ in war with quotas of troops proportioned to 
“the lands they held” fees looking to the general go-as-you- 
please which seems to have characterized this old régime, it 
seems natural to suppose that these figures represent the total 
of the local aaah If this was so at a time when the Haihai- 
si Rajas were at the zenith of their power it is little to be 
wondered at that in decay the dynasty could offer no effective 
resistance to the Maratha invaders when they came upon the 
scene 
