1842.] ; ‘THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, 573 
leaves es, to one, or at most two leaves ; and if there i is not journeys for Spartans of leaves; at which rate-a nest — of ~— years had been swept together, and are 
a leaf within one inch of the base, the shoot.is cut close | might be built in a day or two, only that each cell has to | now i tate of decay. Most persons have the means 
~ out, and the embryo-buds at the base encouraged into | be filled with the necessaries of life for the embryo young. within ion selves for making this, if they have a place 
rowth. e buds on the short spurs, retained at this | The egg when hatched produces a maggot, which when | where they can put the leaves which fall from their own 
dressing, are generally converted into embryo fruit-buds full-grown resembles that of the Hive-bee; and it then | trees. Dung which has been used for frames is also very 
before the close of the d many of the natural spins a silken ¥ solid in texture, t seful for mixing wit oils when it is nearly m- 
spurs, f e accumulation of elaborated sap in the | side being fine and shining like white satin, but the outside | pose this purpose jt should be laid in a close heap 
branches, are converted into fruit-buds also, somewhat on | is coarse, and ur of coffee. T owever, is | in the compost-yard, and it will be fit for use in abou 
the sam nciple as in ringing; fruit-buds are formed mur’s accou other species, circumeincta? o year e things even before that time we 
from the descent of béing intercepted, a its nest in a gallery formed in the earth; but g and several other kinds, such as th s 
consequent accumulation in the branch. After this dress- | the structure of the nest is very similar, only t se, | pigeons, are excellent for making liquid manure for strong 
ing I have little cause for ter pruning ; indeed, none at | no ing so well sec from external intruders, first | growing plants ; but all things cannot be kept, unless 
all, only for the purpose of thinning the fruit-spurs where | line the whole cylinder witMlarge portions of the leaves, | there is some sm set for their receptio 
they are too thick, and shortening or cutting out any spurs forming one continuous and en elining,—but I find that | Thi the la ory, whe causes ar 
that have produced fruit in the ding season this precaution is omitt y the Willow-bee. Careful | which produce the effects ga the “ behind 
e observatio are directed p pally t the ees are to secure their young, and provide them e es,” whi ugh not very pleasant to loo 
management of Pears. Plums and Cherries I would keep | with food, there are idlers on the look-out to take advan- | upon, ti the success o performance. 
as much as possible on the you wood the Peach ; | tage of their industr j thus, during the absence of the | The prophecies of those scientific m a gine that 
but hey are spurred, I deem it indispensable to | Leaf-cutter Bee, a dipterous fly lays her eggs in the cells, | the day will the agriculturist will be inde- 
neatness not to allow the spurs to exceed two inches in | which hatch, and fee upon the maggots, afid thus destroy tonaag of the manure of his dunghill, because he will 
length, and to keep them shorter if possible. By this | the rightful owner of the habi tion ; and it i gested | carry in his pores all that bis soil ee, has not yet 
system of summer t, the trees are never allowe by Réaumur, that if honey deposited for the young | been fulfilled; nor is it like y e, for this — 
to run so wild as to have a neglected appearance, which | larve was not protected in some way, hosts of Ants woul reteaniecanpaliaiical effects are as aan as chem 
must be the case by breaking down the branches, or by | soon carry off the sw u ~_ an est | to me —_ of plants. 
leaving the shoots unpruned until Michaelmas, as is prac- | transmitted to us by Mr. mith was composed of Birch nce the propagation of ng Hants, for 
tised with yery good success in some gardens. All that I | and Acacia lea eaves, as he intimated, sa not of Rose-leaves, 8 29 = in the flower-beds ne ear. erbenas, 
contend for, is superior neatness, and that the most | as we at first supposed. The outer layer of each thimble- | Heliotropes, Pelargéniums, Anagal Dae; Fiicbsige and 
natural way of bringing a tree into a fruitful state is, by an | shaped cell (fig. 5) was formed of two or three portions many other things, will all strike Eoedly De now, and for 
early removal of the redundancies of the tree, so as to pre- | of Birch-leaves, the inner ones of eight pieces of Acacia; | good strong plants for the win will next w 
vent the formation of roots, and consequently prevent lux- | the convex end had an internal and external circle of the | furnish a list and description of some of the better pr 
uriant growth ; for with the fact before us, th latter leaf, and the concave end was cl five circular | of things of this omg en the mame can pro 
le removal of the leaves in the g g Season we can | lids, the internal of Acacia, the $ irch e does not possess t 
reduce a tree to point of starvation, it must be wrong | the outside one gest, and smeared externall 
to allow luxuriant trees to make a great quantity of wood, | with honey, probably, and bits of the Willow-wood, as HOME CORRESPONDENCE. 
and as a matter of course roots, when that wood has to be | well as with atoms of are outside lid, a _— a coe Arnott's Stoves.—When 1 consulted you last year on 
removed in the winter pruning, and the tree has conse- | able portion of the e was eate vel I ob- bas : enter of heating greenhouses with Dr. Arnott’s 
quently double the quantity of roots necessary for fruitful | served that these athe lids are cut a tr ifle too ire , that 8, your opinion was not favourable to ~ plan, and I 
existence. This is what renders root pruning necessary, | they may be pvtpeds in; st thus the edges are Porton and should i mane probably not ied tried it had ter 
and there can be little doubt which is the better plan, viz. | this end becomes concave outside. received an assurance of their complete nics ae Mr. 
to put a stop to the cause, or to Aha hhay in an unnatur Megachile Willie is argh ee ing fulvous River of Sawbridgeworth, who described e his 
practice.— W. P. Ayres, Chick is Pa Bedfo' nashia: nada arene at ‘the omen, which is method of ee oe As these stoves, if rescoietate afford 
stall essere ALI 5 ; black. In the male the face is over m with i ellow silky | by far the m conomical method of heating s mall en- 
re 2 ENTOMOLOGY —No. XXXII hairs, and the fore legs are dilated and yellowish, except- ere Iam aaa, to state, for the sake of some of your 
Tue Wit OR hap ge cuTTER Bex, Me egachil e Wil- | ing the tips of the thighs and the outside of the tibiz; the | readers, the success which I have met with by following 
lughb dele = Thoee a e few, if any, insects which exhibit a | three basal exon of the foot are concavo-convex, dilated, | closely Mr. Rivers’s directions. The secret mainly consists 
greater degree of alan than this Bee;. and its history | and densely fr niaase. dn bya! ace? the body is oblong, | in the complete prevention of any escape of gas. For this 
forms one of the most interesting surprising narra- eg race The e female e has a black face; | purpose the stove should be placed near to the chimney 
tives amongst this curious class of beings. It not unfre- abdomen i ee a hg the r side is orga which must be a brick one; the nearer the better, cer- 
quently happens that one sees ovals and circles cut out of clothed with silky hairs, black at the va and apex, a tainly never morethan six feet from it. The pipe between 
the Rose-leaves in gardens, figs, 3. and 4; sometimes the eep orange in the middle. Those who wish to be Rett the stove and flue should be hermetically sealed, and there 
Laburnum a e Acacia exhibi me strange ap- | acquain e structure of this interesting group, as | should be some oe of c w of the chimney, 
earances, and- even the petals. of the Pelargonium have | well as with the ec y of the‘other species, c to prevent any beating down of the smeke or gas. 
been taxed this summer to supply. ornamental tapestry for | sult Kirby’s Mon. Ap. Ang., and Curtis’s Brit. Ent., ay top light under the chimney } 8 ays kept shut. I found 
hidden mansions... If we devote. sufficient time and | and fol. 218.—Ruricola. this stove answer perfectly well; the heat from it, although 
attention, at the r i ill be placed in a corner. of ouse, was very equally diffused 
@ did not lose t winter, 
y Pelargoniums have. turned out fine and healthy, 
n Hi vent the heat being 
uld always be a zinc pan filled with 
— Of the stove, of the same size as the 
three inches d Itisa 
ep ing in a watering- 
Aone The fire in the na 
should not be suffered to. go out, at least ~ as 
ossible, as it produces too great a change of temperature, 
t expense ting with these stoves is so trifling, 
y i e | ee that y cannot help thinking g many of your readers may be 
destination of the Bee, whi rrivi hi a iN lad to know how 
Ww a ee capt \ i} i o.—J. W. [Exactl y so—when properly apposed 2 
burden in order to construct her nest. (w hich we will now Sea We, personalise think very penis of nm ada 
describe), and again sallies forth to repeat the operation. SSS con Reiger f ; e do no mme 
A dead Willow post, which is dry and soft, being found, ATEUR’S GARDEN.—No,. XXX : people wil Lt fae to ada proper 
a cylindrical channel is formed, sometimes 3 or 4 feet in Micon e the success which attends all ering ope-| Tris fii ‘a or Chinensis. —Never having seen this 
length, and the débris is removed so that it is free from rations, depends upon a ee ommand a selec- plant cultivated i in the manner W ich renders it one of the 
dust; then the female cuts some oval pieces of leaves and | tion of soils. A small corner out of sight shuld pes 
carries them down to the extremity of the cylinder, and | be set apart for their recebGca it n which t ean be | winter months, panes as regards: splendour, agreeable fra- 
being green, they take its curved form, with assistance, | turned over and mixed together, oy it is nee to | grance, ‘ong continuance in bloom, I beg to commu- 
no doubt, of-the architect. This operation is continued | use them. Without recommendin ose ingredients | nicate to you my Cg euiotion, It is er known 
until 10 or 12 pieces are thus united, one within the other, whi ch florists of the old school citandebsl indispensable to | to every one who has had it ot a short time in his 
forming a green cylinder, one end or the bottom bei the growth of their favourite flowers, I still think there cllection, that it sends Bp sucker the root in very 
rounded like a thimble, and the edges wrapping over a | are a few kinds of soil which are actually n ry to form | great abun e, if suffered todo so. This is what has 
circular piece, as neatly as in the crown of a straw bonnet | different mixtures for the different kinds of plants. These wens aa it in the pacman und in ries collections of 
(fig. role The cell being so far completed, some Bee-bread | are peat or bog-earth, loam, leaf-mould, dung, and sand. | plants; although it has been an inhabitant of our stoves 
i osited of a considerable thickness, and Réaumur as- | The best peat is s usually | foun nd in plantations or commons, | for the last fol years ; but we have not a ent that pos- 
Ry 9h that liquid honey sometimes fills the cells; an | where the H sesses greater attractions whenjudiciously treated. I treat 
egg is then deposited, and finally the end is — by a | antly. It is of a rich brown colour, mixed with a quantity | my plants as I do Pine-suckers, but without bottom-heat ; 
lid composed of five circular pieces, forming a concave | of vegetable matter, apparently of recent decomposition. | and although they will grow in the temperature of the 
surface to pat hye end of the next thimble- formed cell | Never choose your peat from a place where eath or | common greenhouse, they do better in that of a Pine- 
to fit inte it: and thus dees this little animal labour Grass scarcely grows, for there it is poor and will not an-| stove. It is of the utmost importance to make the best 
its p anit many cells are ec! Without a | swer your pu well. There pot various igre of loam, | use of the summer and autumnal month nS, $0 as to get the 
rule to Saas the length of the pieces, or com to the different names ear sh a are so | plants as sturdy and ging as possible before they show 
draw a circle of the accurate dimensions, man woutd be | indefinite, that the amateur is spits understand | for blossom—the same as in growing the Pine-apple. If 
at a loss to fit the pieces with such accuracy as to hold | them. He is fr requently, for example, told to use yellow | T have a stock of you ns plants which I had kept through 
liquid honey ; but such is the perfection of the incompre- | loam, or maiden loam, or sandy , or rich oop or | the winter (the pregotoute is the best for the ‘seus 
hensible instinc these Bees, combining memory with | some other kind, diferent from has of these. The hybernating, as it keeps them more dormant, and they are 
un evident Ate tncuperses to determine the form and size | tical gardener or farm excited more vigorously when required), I shake them 
required, that t they pecors pid 3 all, I guided by the Creator, ane a very little ex dened will enable the amateur to do out of the soil, and trim the roots ve 
who is wondee fal in the least as. in the greatest of | so too. The colour, of course, deteriat nes the first. Maiden | Pines, examining them 
His wo ue am is that which is taken from the surface of pasture- | the small excrescences, or suckers in em ryo 
duck undertaking. of constructing the ae is Be land; but it may » or rich in good, rich 
y of the female Bee ; but I imagine, from the c 
aeecise of the fore legs in the male (fig - 1), me itis is his 
province to excavate the oyliteioal gallery in 
for the reception of the cells. Réaumu , thought 
they might be to convey wax, or for fi bes which 
was unknown; but I think this formation will separate 
the species nidificating in wood from the one which con- | in pots. Leaf-mould is ve ful for a either with | 
Struct their nests in the earth. peat or loam, and not only Fernie gob h well as 
In less than half an hour, one Bee that was watched by keeps it free and open. This be obtained SE. ‘Eos to th 
the celebrated French naturalist, made more than a dozen | this season of the year in any ol plan ties, when the “ema Pa row ap 
