60 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N sy ey 
forbids assistance to an enemy’s country, the disregarding of 
which cast a censure upon the Holy Book in the sight 
both of God and Man..... Moreover, it had lately be- 
“the city was called the hostile country (daru-l-jihad) ’’ (Ibid., 
336), and that ‘Abdu-r-Rahim Khan was appointed Muhtasib 
orcensor. “It was ordered that several customs of the infidels 
and other innovations which the irreligious (or heretical) Abil 
Hasan had introduced should be set aside, and that the idol- 
temples should be demolished and mosques erected in their 
ead.”’! 
rab) Wo reslg} as yf£s5 cstedcos , les rr) say as MS g90y9 
# Mab Oem Fry6) le Ly Glsahy y oi; les yb y rod if Bd!y 
Bibl. Ind., Text Il, 358-9. 
Among the passages in the Qur’an in which Jihad is 
enjoined (Stra IT, 214-5 ; IV, 76-9; VIII, 39-42; IX, 5-6; IX, 
29), the persons against whom it is a duty to declare it are 
most clearly indicated in the last, which runs thus: ‘‘ Make 
war [ c4=] upon such of those to whom the Scriptures have 
been given as believe not in God, or in the last day, and who 
forbid not that which God and His Apostle have. forbidden, and 
h > 
e head and front of Aba-l-Hasan’s offending had been 
the assistance given to the daru-l-harbi Shambhaji and “ want 
innovations which the irreligious (or heretical) Abi-l-Hasan 
had introduced,” Now, what were these customs? Taver- 
nier, Thevenot and Manucci have left us some word-pictures 
of Haidarabad which enable us to understand the reasons of 
Aurangzeb’s denunciation. 
‘ Ther ” says the first of these travellers, “so many 
public women in the town, the suburbs and in the fortress 
which is like another town, that it is estimated that there 
without which it is not allowed to any woman to ply this 
the cool of the evening, you see them before 
-... It is then also that the shops 
! The orders were evidently executed. 
Maisaram, 10 miles south of Hyderabad, are the remains of 
same Hindu temples destroyed by Aurangzeb after the fall of Golconda.” 
* Imperial Gazetteer,’ Ed, 1908, VI, 126. 
