1921.] The Eighth Indian Sctence Congress. cv 
for they may together pull with a force of 200 pounds or more 
in a strong wind, and with adverse conditions may become un- 
stable in flight and wreck themselves and their recorder in the 
air. 
tin 
teorological elements. The instrument, which weighs only 
1,100 grams (23 lb.) is hung within the kite and freely venti- 
lated by the wind which raises it. 
A typical diagram from this instrument, obtained at Bel- 
gaum on August 29th during the monsoon of 1906, is shown 
in Fig. 7. Horizontal distances are proportional to time, and 
vertical distances to the elements measured, which, in order 
Temperature 
Wind 
~ 
Fie. f. 
from top to bottom, are humidity, pressure, temperature and 
wind. This flight lasted five hours and the maximum height 
reached was 1} miles. 
The diagram when interpreted in accordance with the 
calibration of the instrument which drew it, results in the 
two higher curves of Fig. 8; while an earlier record of the same 
year, on May 28th when the monsoon was nearly due, provided 
the two lower curves of the same figure. 
It will be seen that on this day in May, temperature fell 
off rapidly, but at less than the adiabatic rate, from the ground 
60°, at the ground to near saturation at the level of low-lying 
cumulus clouds. Just above the cloud level was encountered 
an entirely different current of warm and very dry air: that 
it was warm is shown by the inversion of the temperature 
