cliv Proceedings of the Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, [N.S., XVUI, 
seum collection of Indian Lower Gondwana plants in his: mo- 
nograph of the Glossopteris Flora. In 1850 McClelland pub- 
lished the “ Report of the Geological Survey of India for the 
session 1848-49 ”’ (McClelland 1850) including some figures and 
descriptions of Indian plant-remains. Ever since then the 
work of the Survey has been one of ceaseless activity, as is 
witnessed by the mass of information that is now available on 
all the different aspects of Indian geology. As regards the 
palaeobotanical aspect, with which we are here mainly con- 
cerned, enough material had already been collected for the 
completion in 1886 of a monumental work in four volumes, 
entitled the ‘‘ Fossil Flora of the Gondwana System ”’ (Oldham 
and Morris 1863 ; Feistmantel 1876-1886). This was the result, 
chiefly, of the labours of Dr. Ottokar Feistmantel; a portion of 
the first volume had already been published as early as 1863 
by Dr. T. Oldham and Prof. O. Morris. The chief value of 
this work consists in the illustrated descriptions of the more 
prominent types of Gondwana plants known at that time. The _ 
descriptions were based upon collections made in different parts 
of Peninsular India by Feistmantel himself, by Griesbach, 
Stoliezka, Waagen, King, the brothers H.F. and W.T. Blanford 
and many others. 
The greater part of what we now know as the Gondwana 
Flora had thus been worked out before Feistmantel’s retire- 
ment in 1885. But important additions were subsequently 
made to the collections of the survey not only from various 
parts of the peninsula but notably from Kashmir, where plant- 
bearing deposits of palaeozoic age were first discovered in 1902 
by Dr. Noetling at a place not far from Srinagar (see Holland 
1903, p. 22). In these plant-bearing strata of Kashmir, Dr. 
Hayden (Hayden 1907) and Mr. Middlemiss (Middlemiss 1909) 
recently discovered fresh specimens, and to the latter author 
we also owe the discovery of a number of other localities in 
Kashmir where plants of a similar age were found by him only 
ee ten years ago (Middlemiss 1910, 1911). 
This task was carried out in Europe, chiefly by the late Pro- 
fessor R. Zeiller at Paris (Zeiller 1902) and, more recently, by 
Professor A. C. Seward, with whom I had the privilege of shar- 
ing part of this interesting work at Cambridge (Seward 1905, 
1907, 1912 ; Seward and Sahni 1920). 
