1921.] The Eighth Indian Science Congress. elx vii 
have yet been recorded from the not far distant Umia Beds of 
Kachh, which are generally agreed upon as being Lower Creta- 
ceou 
gee ; Trichino- 
bien. and Ariyalur south of Madras (H. F. Blanford 1862). 
Cycadean woods. One of them is the stem of a tree-fern belong- 
ing to the recent family Cyatheaceae. It was discovered by 
H. F. Blanford and described by Feistmantel under the name 
Protocyathea trichinopoliensis (Feistmantel 1877). R. B. Foote, 
while describing Cretaceous fossils from the Trichinopoly Dis- 
angi 
Lameta Beds ({n- = : pati 
fra-'Trappean); Inter- ter-Trappean sedimentary beds also pl 
Trappean Beds. ma 
Medlicott 1860, pp- 204-16) 
VIII. Tertiary and Post-Tertiary 
~ Our knowledge of the Tertiary and Post-Tertiary plant- 
remains of India, as 1 have already said, is very poor, and 
forms is a difficult task. The material is more fragmentary 
than ever. Large pieces of petrified wood and, indeed, entire 
trunks of angiosperm trees have in some places been found in 
great numbers, but the identification of species from the char- 
acters of the secondary wood alone presents difficulties which 
cannot be adequately met unless there is a consistent system 
of classifying living timbers on the basis of their anatomical 
features. 
Besides fossil wood (Theobald 1869; W. T. Blantord 1872; 
Pilgrim 1908, 1910; Cotter 1908, 1909 ; Stuart 1910; Holden 
1916) the only Tertiary plant reimains yet known from India are 
impressions of detached leaves of angiosperms (H. B. Medlicott 
Wadia 1919, pp. 215-16); a few imperfect remains of fruits 
(Vredenburg 1908, p. 244) and seeds: and, lastly, some fossilized 
resinous secretions, common! 
Helm 1893: also Wadia 1919, p. 206). 
