December 6, 1895.] 



SCIENCE. 



751 



don, and was also Honorary Fellow of the 

 Eoyal Agricultural Society of Great Brit- 

 ain. He was for two years President of the 

 Academy of Science of St. Loviis, being the 

 youngest member so honored. He was 

 founder, and for two terms President, of the 

 Entomological Society of Washington, one 

 of the founders of the Biological Society of 

 that city, and an honorary member of the 

 horticultural societies of Illinois, Iowa, 

 Kansas and Missouri. The Kansas State 

 Agricultural College gave him the degree 

 of A. M., and the Missouri State University 

 in 1873 conferred upon him the degree of 

 Ph. D. He was lecturer on entomology at 

 Cornell University and at other institu- 

 tions. A. S. Packard. 

 Beown Univeesity. 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON LOUIS PASTEUR. 

 A DISTINGUISHED chcmist, Dean of the 

 Bussey Institution, Harvard University, 

 Francis H. Storer, said a few days before 

 the death of Pasteur, " Pasteur is the great- 

 est genius produced in this centu.ry," and, 

 he added, " He is a chemist." 



As it has been my good fortune to be in- 

 timate with Pasteur since our college daj's, 

 living in the same room, as chum, during 

 several years, and keeping up our intimacy, 

 notwithstanding my wandering life in both 

 hemispheres, a few words of remembrance 

 may be acceptable. I have before me at 

 this moment a bundle of his letters, the first 

 one dated 10 June, 1845, and the last dated 

 14 December, 1887, with letters after that 

 date from his wife to keep me ' au courant ' 

 of his failing health ; all his memoirs and 

 papers, bound in 7 volumes, each one with 

 a dedication in his handwriting, such as, 

 ' A mon ami Jules Marcou, souvenir aflec- 

 tueux, L. Pasteur ; ' and three portraits, 

 taken in 1863, 1868 and 1891, all with dedi- 

 cation, as, "A mon ancien et bon camarade 

 Jules Marcou, souvenir affectueux, L. 

 Pasteur." So I am pretty well able to 



give exact information on his life and char- 

 acter. 



Born at Dole, Jura, 27 December, 1822, in 

 the 'rue des Tanneurs, 43,' (Tanners street), 

 where a marble table was erected the 19th 

 of July, 1883, with the inscription ' Ici 

 estne Louis Pasteur, le 27 Decembre, 1822;' 

 Pasteur was removed a few weeks later to 

 a small tannery on ' La Vache ' creek, be- 

 tween the village of Marnoz and the Chateau 

 de St. Michel, near Salins, Jura, and re- 

 mained there until the fall of 1829; when 

 his father finally took a tannery on ' La 

 Cuisance ' creek, at the western outlet of the 

 little town of Arbois, Jura, where Pasteur 

 was educated and kept his home until his 

 death. The family originally came from 

 Salins, Jura, where during the eighteenth 

 century they were well known as tanners. 

 His father was born there, and his mother, 

 nee Eoqui, at the village of Marnoz, Can- 

 ton of Salins. Jean Joseph Pasteur, born 

 in 1790, did not received a classical educa- 

 tion; he took the profession of his family, 

 and was a joui-neyman tanner at Salins, 

 when the conscription took him in 1811, 

 and sent him as a private in a regiment of in- 

 fantrj', in Spain. There by his bravery, good 

 conduct and capacity, he was rapidly raised 

 to the rank of sergeant-major, and deco- 

 rated Knight of the Legion of Honor, not an 

 easy position to reach in the French armies 

 scattered all over Spain, far from Napoleon 

 and consequentljr much neglected as regard 

 promotion and decoration of the I;egion of 

 Honor. Dismissed from military service 

 in 1815, Pasteur returned to Salins, and 

 resumed his wofk as a tanner. He was a 

 good looking and very intelligent man. 

 If he- had received an education he would 

 have made his mark. Knowing how import- 

 ant education was, he did all in his power 

 to do to give his son an opportunity. 

 First, Louis Pasteur became a pupil at the 

 small college of Arbois, from 1831 to 1839, 

 then he was sent as an ' interne ' to the 



