384 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. YOL. XLI. No. 1054 



facing the ends, are recessed screens, on one of 

 which are shown pictures illustrating the dif- 

 ferent kinds of survey work and the part they 

 play in the development of the country. On 

 the other screen are shown several series of 

 pictures. 



At one end of the space is shovsm the per 

 capita production of minerals in the United 

 States in 1880, about the time of the Centen- 

 nial Exposition, and of the organization of the 

 survey, and in 1913, the period between these 

 dates practically covering the past work of the 

 United States Geological Survey. The exhibit 

 consists of one 97-niillionth of the actual pro- 

 duction of each mineral in 1913 and one 48- 

 millionth of the production in 1880. 



The space along one of the outside aisles is 

 devoted to a series of cases, illustrating what 

 our common things are made of, what the raw 

 material looks like as it is obtained from the 

 earth, and where it occurs in the United States. 

 For example, many of the familiar household 

 articles are there, such as an albuminum sauce- 

 pan, an electric-bulb filament, and a fountain- 

 pen point; and above each article is shown the 

 mineral from which it is made, traced back to 

 the ore, and then a map of the United States, 

 showing where the ores occur. Most of these 

 individual maps have been prepared especially 

 for this exhibit. 



At the west end of the space is an exhibit of 

 the power and fuel resources of the United 

 States, including naaps showing the distribu- 

 tion of the black shale from which oil is de- 

 rived and the apparatus used in the field in 

 determining the shales that are worth study- 

 ing. 



In order to show the transparencies in- 

 cluded in the exhibit to the best advantage, 

 arcades resembling mine entrances have been 

 built at the corners of the space. The methods 

 of work in the survey are illustrated by a 

 series of cases showing by a set of partial 

 results how maps are made and other features 

 of the work. 



In the portion of the exhibit relating to 

 water resources is a display of automatic gages 

 being run by clock work and recording the 

 fluctuating height of water in a tank. 



One feature of the exhibit is the stereoscopic 

 pictures, resembling the old mutoseope views 

 but of a modernized type. These will be ar- 

 ranged in boxes of fifty each on a table at 

 which one may sit and study leisurely vari- 

 ous features of survey work. There are also 

 shown four series of pictures of the Grand 

 Canyon and Eocky Mountain region, taken in 

 the early days of the geological survey by the 

 famous photographers Jackson and Hillers. 



Other cases show the gem minerals, the rare 

 mineral ores, etc. 



SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS 

 Col. George W. Goethals has been made a 

 major-general of the line in recognition of his 

 services in building the Panama Canal. Brig.- 

 Gen. William C. Gorgas, surgeon-general, has 

 been made major-general in the medical de- 

 partment. Col. Harry F. Hodges and Lieut.- 

 Col. William L. Sibert, United States Corps of 

 Engineers, have been promoted to be brigadier- 

 generals. The bill providing for their pro- 

 motions extended the thanks of congress to 

 the officers. 



Under the leadership of Dr. Hiram Bing- 

 ham, the National Geographic Society- Yale 

 University Peruvian Expedition sailed from 

 New York on March 3 to continue its work in 

 the Andean Mountains. Members who left 

 New York on this expedition are: Director, 

 Hiram Bingham, Yale University; geologist, 

 Herbert E. Gregory, Ph.D., Silliman professor 

 of geology in Yale University, geologist of the 

 1912 expedition; naturalist, Edmund Heller, 

 naturalist of the Smithsonian's African expe- 

 dition, under the leadership of Colonel Roose- 

 velt; botanist, O. F. Cook, Ph.D., of the 

 United States Department of Agriculture; 

 chief engineer, EUwood C. Erdis, of the 1912 

 expedition; topographer, Edwin L. Anderson; 

 chief assistant and interpreter, Osgood Hardy, 

 M.A., of the 1912 expedition; assistant to- 

 pographer, C. E. Westerberg, B.S., and several 

 assistants. 



Miss Katharine Lilly, head nurse of the 

 department of surgery of the Rockefeller In- 

 stitute for Medical Research, has gone to 



