142 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXIX. No. 



as he states it, and his applications of it, are 

 rather confusing. It would be difficult indeed 

 to put D'Alembert's principle in words so that 

 a student at the beginning of his study of 

 mechanics could grasp its significance. Any 

 attempt would be apt to confuse rather than 

 help the student. 



Space will not permit me to go into further 

 detail. To be brief, he seems inclined to intro- 

 duce new difficulties, and to cover up the old 

 ones. The book is not free from loose 



reasoning. 



Cornell Uniyeesitt 



E. W. Rettger 



Conservation of Water. By Walter Mo- 

 CuLLOH, C. E. Addresses delivered in the 

 Chester S. Lyman lecture series, 1912, before 

 the senior class of the Sheffield Scientific 

 School, Tale University. New Haven, Yale 

 University Press; London, Humphrey Mil- 

 ford, Oxford University Press. Cloth, 

 6|X9f in. Pp. x + 99; 39 illustrations. 

 $2. Postage, 15 cents. 



At a time when the question of our water 

 resources and a national policy regarding 

 them is becoming a matter of increasing im- 

 portance this book is very opportune. The 

 lectures printed therein cover the following 

 topics : 



The first chapter considers the desirability 

 of proper handling of our water supplies and 

 the questions of legal jurisdiction over them. 

 Then follows a chapter on the economic, hydro- 

 graphic, topographic and geologic data neces- 

 sary for an intelligent handling of the problem 

 in any case. The third chapter gives some 

 very interesting information in regard to the 

 water power of the United States, both devel- 

 oped and undeveloped, with some statistics 

 that are hard to collect otherwise. The value 

 of storage reservoirs in connection with power 

 developments is shown. The next chapter 

 treats of water supplies for municipalities 

 and the problems of sanitation and drainage. 

 The last chapter describes in detail the water 

 resources of New York state and the present 

 important developments. 



This is not a book for a specialist, already 



well informed in hydraulics, nor is it well 

 adapted for use as a text-book for students. 

 But for all readers who are interested in water 

 resources and related problems it is a book that 

 can be read with profit. It should be of espe- 

 cial value to the non-technical man who de- 

 sires a broad understanding of the engineer- 

 ing principles involved. 



R. L. Daugherty 

 COKNELL University 



Stuttering and Lisping. By E. W. Scripture. 



New York, The Macmillan Co. 1912. Pp. 



xiv + 251. 



After many years of clinical work and pri- 

 vate practise in the treatment of speech defects. 

 Dr. Scripture has here written down many of 

 his observations regarding the causes, symp- 

 toms and treatment of stuttering and chronic 

 mispronunciation. As a cause of stuttering a 

 " general anxiety neurosis " is emphasized but 

 the author avoids much elaboration of this 

 topic. 



In the chapter on symptoms some etiology is 

 necessarily considered and many interesting 

 kymograph records of respiration, vocal and 

 articulatory movements are reproduced. The 

 method of taking these records is well illus- 

 trated by photographs, and their significance 

 is discussed in the text. The treatment out- 

 lined is perhaps the most valuable contribu- 

 tion in the book and is systematically re- 

 ferred to the preceding diagnosis. The exer- 

 cises in voice modulation — a method of treat- 

 ment largely original with the author — are 

 carefully described. Psychanalysis and sug- 

 gestion are dealt with briefly. 



The second part of the book treats of lisping, 

 as it is of negligent, organic or neurotic origin. 

 The mouth positions for articulating the dif- 

 ferent vowel and consonant sounds are indi- 

 cated by diagrams, " palatograms " and photo- 

 graphs. Some valuable methods for inducing 

 the patient to attain the proper positions are 

 given. At the end of the book are fifty pages 

 of exercises to be used in the treatment of 

 both stuttering and lisping. 



Stevenson Smith 



University of Washington 



