Mabch 13, 1914] 



SCIENCE 



393 



considerably lower record, more than a third 

 lower, belonged to another institution. 



It seems only fair to Bowdoin College, and 

 especially to its professor of biology, to pub- 

 lish this correction of an unfortunate over- 

 sight. W. LeConte Stevens 



Lexington, Va., 

 January 31, 1914 



SCIENTIFIC BOOKS 

 'Chippewa Music. II. By Frances Densmore. 

 Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of Amer- 

 ican Ethnology. Bulletin 53. 1913. Pp. 

 314. 51 illustrations. 180 songs. 14 tables 

 giving " melodic analysis of 340 songs." 7 

 tables of " rhythmic analysis " and a table 

 giving " comparison of metric unit of voice 

 and drum." 



Bulletin 53 together with bulletin 47 (1910) 

 are devoted to Miss Densmore's study of Chip- 

 pewa music begun in 1907 and brought to a 

 close in the present volume. In this bulletin 

 the author presents the results of sis years of 

 labor, gathering songs from the Chippewa 

 in their native environment and making care- 

 ful studies of the songs themselves. By these 

 means she has sought to answer three ques- 

 tions: Wliat do the Chippewas sing? How 

 do they sing? Why do they sing? The an- 

 swers to the first two are presented in a clear, 

 painstaking manner and in such form as to 

 make them conveniently serviceable for com- 

 parative study. The third question is con- 

 cerned with the psychological aspects of 

 Indian song and consequently its answer 

 could not easily be formulated in the same 

 manner as those relating to the other two 

 questions, nevertheless the author has recorded 

 her observations on this point among the Chip- 

 pewa. Truthfulness and earnestness of pur- 

 pose characterize this book as well as an ap- 

 preciation of the people from whom the mate- 

 rial was secured. The work has a special 

 value to the student of musical development 

 and presents points of interest to the ethnolo- 

 gist. The Bureau of American Ethnology is 

 to be congratulated upon its entrance into an 

 important field and particularly upon its selec- 

 tion of so able and scholarly an investigator 



as Miss Densmore to conduct this difficult 

 line of research. 



An ample index adds to the usefulness and 

 pleasure of the book. Alice C. Fletcher 



Fosseis Devonianos Do Parana. Pelo Dr. 

 John M. Clarke. Monographias do Service 

 Geologico E Mineralogico do Brasil. Vol. 

 I., Eio de Janeiro. 1913. Pp. xx-f 353; 



pi. i.-xxvn. 



A monograph upon the Devonian of the 

 state of Parana, Brazil, which has been pub- 

 lished recently by the Geological Survey of 

 that country, constitutes a notable contribu- 

 tion to our knowledge of the geology of South 

 America. The author of the work is Dr. John 

 M. Clarke, the accomplished state geologist of 

 New York. Long an investigator of the 

 Devonian of that state, he has recently issued 

 a niimber of monographs upon strata of the 

 same age in both North and South America, 

 including works upon the Lower Devonian of 

 the Gaspe region, Canada, and upon the De- 

 vonian of the State of Para, Brazil. To these 

 he has now added this important monograph 

 upon the Devonian of Parana. 



The volume consists of two parts. The first 

 part comprises a discussion of the character 

 and significance of the Devonian faunas of 

 the region studied, while the second is de- 

 voted to a description of the species, with crit- 

 ical comments upon their relations to those 

 of other areas. 



The Devonian of America presents two 

 broadly conceived types : a northern or boreal, 

 confined chiefly to North America and the 

 region north of the Amazon, and a southera 

 or austral type. Dr. Clarke shows that the 

 Devonian sediments found in South America, 

 from central Brazil southward, contain an 

 austral fauna. The latter, which differs from 

 the boreal fauna in many respects, is a unit 

 throughout its range, having definite and 

 recognizable characteristics wherever found. 



While the work before us is entitled a dis- 

 cussion of the Devonian Fossils of Parana it 

 is in reality a monograph upon the austrai 

 Devonian of the whole of South America. 

 The author gives a critical discussion of the 



