March 13, 1914] 



SCIENCE 



399 



The program consisted of more than thirty 

 papers, the majority of which dealt with the min- 

 eral resources of the southern states. It is hoped 

 that all the papers on the mineral resources of the 

 southern states may be published in one volume. 

 As an aid to such publication the council voted the 

 sum of $200. 



The titles and abstracts of papers presented be- 

 fore Section E are given below: 

 Mineral Resources of the Southern States — Distri- 

 bution and Production: J. S. Diller. (Illus- 

 trated by map and collection of specimens.) 

 In opening the discussion of the mineral re- 

 sources of the southern states, Mr. Diller called at- 

 tention to a large wall map recently prepared by 

 the United States Geological Survey to show the 

 distribution of the most important mineral re- 

 sources of the sixteen states included in the 

 ■southern section. 



Of the various mineral products found in the 

 United States only two, borax and platinum, are 

 not produced in the southern states but, on the 

 other hand, some of the southern states are the 

 largest or exclusive producers of nearly a dozen 

 ■substances, among ■n'hich phosphate rock, manga- 

 nese, bauxite, sulphur, barite and fuller 's earth 

 •occur. 



There are 5-5 different mineral substances won 

 from the earth in the southern states, and of these 

 a collection consisting of more than a hundred 

 ■specimens was exhibited at the meetings of Sec- 

 tion E. 



Coal is the resource of first importance. The 

 value of coal alone produced in 1912 was more than 

 144 million dollars, 'nith large reserves, as shown 

 on the map, that will last for centuries. 



The total production of mineral resources in 

 1912 was $401,399,483. 



Nearly a score of other substances in addition 

 to coal were produced in the same region to the 

 value of more than a million dollars each, and 

 while the distribution of the reserves of these re- 

 sources was shown on the large map the value of 

 the production of each during 1912 was shown on 

 a chart. 



It is expected that the map and chart will be 

 published in connection with the volume of papers 

 read before Section E on the mineral resources of 

 the southern states. 



The Coal Resources of the Southern States: L. C. 



Glenn. 



This paper summarized our knowledge of the 

 >coal resources of the southern states, indicated the 



trend of present developments, and showed the im- 

 portance of the role to be played by coal in the 

 future industrial development of the south. It 

 was illustrated by charts and diagrams. 



The Petroleum Resources of the Southern States: 

 D. W. Ohern. 



The Marbles and Granites of the Southern States: 



S. W. McCALLm. 



The geographical and geological distribution, 

 history and extent of development, physical and 

 chemical characteristics, and commercial uses of 

 the marbles and granites of the southern states. 



The Mines and Quarries of Georgia: S. W. Mc- 

 Callie. (Illustrated with lantern slides.) 



The Piedmont Limestones of the Southeast At- 

 lantic States: Thomas L. Watson and J. S. 

 Grasty. 



This paper discusses the occurrence and distri- 

 bution, structural and age relations, composition 

 and uses of the Piedmont limestones of the south- 

 ern Atlantic states, including Maryland to Ala- 

 bama. It points out their much wider distribution 

 than has been formerly supposed and suggests their 

 Lower Cambrian (Loudoun) age. Besides being 

 of economic importance in many of their occur- 

 rences, these limestones form extremely important 

 and valuable guide members in the structural work 

 necessary to determine the stratigraphic and age 

 relations of the associated rocks. 



The Limestones of Maryland, East of the Blue 



Ridge: J. S. Gkasty. 



This paper is devoted to the various occurrences 

 of limestone in the Piedmont section of Maryland, 

 and embraces a discussion of their age, strati- 

 graphy, structure and economic importance. 

 With the exception of the occurrences in the Fred- 

 erick Valley, and in the vicinity of Baltimore, 

 practically no attempt, based on systematic study, 

 has been made heretofore at a correct correlation. 

 It is believed that it can be shown definitely and 

 satisfactorily that the limestones in the middle 

 part of this physiographic division (Piedmont) of 

 Maryland should be assigned to the Potsdam 

 grovip of the Cambrian, though-be-it this is at 

 variance with the general geological impression, 

 which is that they are older, a view entertained, 

 perhaps, because of their association in areal oc- 

 currence with other rocks definitely known to be 

 pre-Cambrian. 



The Slate Deposits of the Southern States: J. S. 

 Grasty and J. H. Cline. 



