644 



SCIENCE 



[N. 8. Vol. XXXIX. No. 1009 



old trees so that the young growth is not 

 injured. The brush is piled in heaps for 

 burning after the lumber has been removed, in 

 order that the fire menace which foresters say 

 usually follows lumbering may be done away 

 with. The models are on a scale of about one 

 inch to five feet, so that trees approximately 

 100 feet tall are about 20 inches high in the 

 models. It is the intention of the forest 

 service to have these models set forth certain 

 points in regard to the timber sales conducted 

 by the government. They will demonstrate, 

 in the first place, that the timber on the na- 

 tional forests is for use; placards tell how it 

 is sold to the highest bidder when it is 

 wanted for commercial purposes, and how it 

 may be given away to local settlers and 

 prospectors for developing homesteads or 

 mines. The models themselves indicate that 

 the timber is cut in such a way as to eliminate 

 all avoidable waste of wood and to secure a 

 continuance of the forest crop, not only for 

 timber production but for the protection of 

 the soil. They further show the fundamental 

 principles applicable to many logging opera- 

 tions, that the mature and overmature trees 

 should be removed, that thrifty growing young 

 trees should be left to produce seed and insure a 

 reproduction of the stand, and that the young 

 growth should be protected from damage in 

 lumbering operations. The models are supple- 

 mented by a graphic chart, which shows by 

 pictured piles of money and by conventional 

 trees of graded size the increase of timber 

 sales on the national forests from 1905 to 

 1913, inclusive. In 1905 the timber sold 

 from the national forests aggregated 96,000,000 

 board feet, which brought the government no 

 more than $85,000. Three years later the 

 amount- of timber sold increased to nearly 

 390,000,000 board feet, and the money received 

 rose to $735,000. In 1911 830,000,000 board 

 feet sold for more than $2,000,000, and in 1913 

 more than 2,000,000,000 feet brought in con- 

 tracts amounting to $4,500,000. Wot all this 

 money was received in any one year, because 

 national forest timber is sold on contracts 

 which range from one to twenty-five years, 

 and it is paid for as cut. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS 



The Catholic University of America, Wash- 

 ington, will receive the greater part of the es- 

 tate of $1,000,000 left by Theodore B. Basse- 

 lin, of Croghan. 



Mr. James Deering, in a letter addressed to 

 the trustees of Northwestern University and 

 of Wesley Hospital, announces a gift of 

 $1,000,000 to the hospital. It is provided that 

 Wesley Hospital shall be a teaching hospital 

 under Northwestern University. The gift is 

 made in honor of the donor's father, the late 

 William Deering, and his sister, Abbie Deer- 

 ing Howe, who died in 1906. 



An anonymous benefactor has given a sum 

 of $1,200,000 to the municipality of Berlin for 

 the foundation of an open-air school for boys. 

 In the course of instruction special attention 

 will be given to modern languages and natural 

 science. 



Arthur Taber Jones, Ph.D., has been ap- 

 pointed assistant professor of physics at 

 Smith College. 



Henry Laurens, Ph.D., has been appointed 

 instructor in biology, and George A. Stetson, 

 instructor in mechanical engineering at Tale 

 University. 



At Harvard University, Dr. W. E. Hock- 

 ing, professor of philosophy at Tale Univer- 

 sity, has been appointed professor of philos- 

 ophy, and Dr. R. F. A. Hoernle, of the Uni- 

 versity of Durham, assistant professor of phi- 

 losophy. Dr. E. M. East has been promoted 

 to be professor of experimental plant morphol- 

 ogy and H. J. Hughes, to be professor of civil 

 engineering. Dr. S. B. Wolbach has been pro- 

 moted to be associate professor of bacteriology 

 and Dr. C. L. Bouton to be associate professor 

 of mathematics. 



The executive committee of the Massachu- 

 setts Institute of Technology has made the 

 following promotions in the instructing staff: 

 Erom the grade of associate professor to the 

 grade of professor, Warren K. Lewis, in chem- 

 ical engineering; George B. Haven, in ma- 

 chine design; Samuel C. Prescott, in indus- 

 trial biology, and Charles B. Breed, in rail- 

 road engineering. The following assistant 



