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SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXIX. No. 1011 



committee wliicli prepares and posts nomina- 

 tions to replace the outgoing class of board of 

 managers. Members vote on these at annual 

 meeting. 



Group B. — In the following associations 

 nominations for office are made by the govern- 

 ing board at the annual meeting. Usually the 

 rule permits other nominations to be made 

 from the floor, though they are not often made. 

 It is not always clear whether or not the 

 official nominations include positions on the 

 governing board itself. 



American Association of Obstetricians and 

 Gynecologists. 



Am erican Association of Pathologists and 

 Bacteriologists. Eule includes all nomina- 

 tions. Council member serves seven yeaxs. 



American Bar Association. Officers nomi- 

 nated by general council, which consists of 

 «one member from each state. 



American Geographical Society of New 

 York. Eule includes all nominations, but 

 nine or more fellows can also nominate. 



American Ophthalmological Society. 



American Pediatric Society. 



American Proctologic Society. 



American Psychological Association. Rule 

 includes nominations for council. 



American Therapeutic Society. 



Society of Chemical Industry, New York 

 Section. Committee nominates chairman, 

 secretary and treasurer. Ten or more members 

 can nominate ordinary member of committee. 

 If there are not enough nominations com- 

 mittee completes list and there is no election. 

 Pive members of committee retire annually, 

 three of whom shall be those who have made 

 the fewest attendances at committee meetings. 



Southern Medical Association. 



The advantages claimed for this method of 

 close control by the governing board are that 

 it is less dangerous than off-hand nominations 

 from the floor, facilitates business, has worked 

 perfectly, allows meetings to be devoted to sci- 

 ence exclusively. Eight secretaries commented 

 on it favorably. In a ninth association a con- 

 siderable number of members felt that it was 

 unnecessarily oligarchical. Another objection 

 is that it has occasionally been embarrassing 



to have a small governing body called upon to 

 choose between two or more of its own mem- 

 bers for the presidency. This objection would 

 not hold in the case of an association whose 

 governing board is composed largely of ex- 

 presidents. 



Group C. — In the three following associa- 

 tions nominations for office are made by a 

 nominating committee which is itself a more 

 or less permanent body. The election takes 

 place at annual meeting. 



American Gynecological Society. Nomi- 

 nating committee consists of all ex-presidents 

 at meeting. Two nominations are made for 

 each office. 



Society for the Promotion of Engineering 

 Education. Nominating committee consists 

 of the past presidents and the seven elective 

 members of the council retiring the following 

 year, but the president may add enough to 

 bring members present up to five. 



American Philological Association. Each 

 year the chair nominates one new member of 

 the nominating committee to serve five years. 



It is claimed on behalf of this method that 

 it ensures continuity and causes less unfavor- 

 able comment than random nominations from 

 the floor. 



B. — In the American Society of Civil 

 Engineers the membership is divided into 

 seven geographical districts, each of which is 

 represented by two members of the nominating 

 committee, one elected each year to serve two 

 years, and the five latest past presidents who 

 are alive. The secretary is appointed by the 

 board. The method appears to be satisfactory, 

 though it is possible under it for men to be 

 elected to the nominating coiomittee who are 

 not familiar with the work of the association. 



Group E. — In the following associations a 

 nominating committee is appointed annually 

 by the governing body. Elections are at an- 

 nual meeting. 



American Historical Association. It is said 

 that years ago this association tried and aban- 

 doned something like a preferential primary. 



American Library Association. Nominating 

 committee appointed by executive board from 

 persons not on board. Board adopts report 



