SCIENCE 



Friday, June 12, 1914 



CONTENTS 

 The Financial Status of College Teachers .... 847 



Soil Erosion and its Remedy by Terracing 

 and Tree Planting: Professor J. Kussell 

 Smith 858 



The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and 

 the State 862 



Preservation of the National Monuments of 

 China 863 



The British Association in Australia 864 



Scientific Notes and News 865 



University and Educational News 869 



Discussion and Correspondence : — 



The Organisation of a University Depart- 

 ment : PEorEssoE Beandek Matthews. Tlie 

 New Fur-seal Investigation: Geoege Aechi- 

 BALD Clark. The Preservation of Anthro- 

 poid Apes: Db. H. Gippord 870 



Scientific BooTcs : — 



Hazen on Clean Water and Houston on 

 Water Supply: Dr. Geoege A. Soper. 

 Guppy's Studies in Seeds and Fruits: Pro- 

 fessor John W. Harshbeegee 872 



Special Articles: — 



A New Marhing System and Means of Meas- 

 uring Mathematical Abilities: Propessoe 

 Floeian Cajoei 874 



The American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Scienee: — 

 Section B — Physios: Dr. W. J. Humphreys 881 



Societies and Academies : — 

 Academy of Science of St. Louis: C. H. 

 Danpoeth 882 



MBS. iotended for pablioation and boolcs, etc.. Intended for 

 nriaw ihonld be sent to Pro(ea«>r J. McKeen Cattell, Gurrison- 

 OD-Eodaon. N. Y. 



THE FINANCIAL STATUS OF COLLEGE 

 TEACHERS^ 



In 1908 the Foundation reported in its 

 second bulletin the results of an enquiry 

 concerning the financial status of the teach- 

 ing staff of higher institutions in America 

 and Germany. An examination of salary 

 schedules for the year 1912-13 makes it 

 possible to treat certain of the topics of 

 that bulletin more fully and to measure 

 the change in salaries during the past five 

 years. 



THE VARIABILITY OF SALARIES IN THE SAME 

 INSTITUTION 



A small institution performing a fairly 

 unified educational service, such as giving 

 instruction in the traditional academic sub- 

 jects, or training engineers, or teaching 

 law, may do its work conveniently with a 

 staff of men graded rather sharply as, say, 

 professors, assistant professors and in- 

 structors, with a fixed salary attached to 

 each grade or title. The teaching staff 

 may even be on almost absolute financial 

 equality, four fifths of its members being 

 "professors" and doing the work of teach- 

 ing with here and there an assistant of 

 lower title and salary. 



Such simple fiscal arrangements were 

 common a generation ago ; they still persist 

 in some of the older and smaller colleges; 

 but they are now becoming obsolete, and 

 no one can understand the financial sta- 



1 Based upon a study by Professor Edward L. 

 Thorndike, of Teachers College, Columbia tlni- 

 versity, of reports made by the institutions to the 

 Foundation. From the eighth Annual Eeport of 

 the President of the Carnegie Foun^tiontSorj 

 Advancement of Teaching. y'SS^'' 



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