850 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXIX. No. 1015 



in four divisions — salaries for instructors 

 or tutors or whatever grade represents ap- 

 proximately the first rank of teachers with 

 a full program, salaries for full professors, 

 salaries for standard intermediate grades, 

 and salaries for all of these grades com- 

 bined. The salaries of assistants, or what- 

 ever grade represents approximately the 

 work of men who are primarily students, 

 are not included. The salaries of irregular 

 grades, such as lecturer, which may carry 

 an instructor's work or a part-time pro- 

 fessor's work, or signify casual visits, or a 

 dignified assistantship, are likewise ex- 

 eluded. Presidents are also excluded, but 

 deans and directors of schools or depart- 

 ments are included. Teachers in medical 

 schools, dental schools and schools of phar- 

 macy are also excluded, being more fitly 

 made the subject of separate study. Pay- 

 ments for work in summer schools are ex- 

 cluded. The salary of a teacher in service 

 for only one semester is recorded as it 

 would be for a full year's service. The 

 aim is to show the recompense given for 

 what is a teacher's full service in any in- 

 stitution in question. Although there are 

 doubtless occasional failures to make the 

 necessary distinctions precisely, the tables 

 show the typical with adequate precision. 

 In the salary scales, which form parts of 

 the table, $400 means from $350 to $449, 

 $500 means from $450 to $549, $600 means 

 from $550 to $649, and so on. 



Upon examination of Table I. it will 

 be seen that the institutions do not differ 

 very greatly in the salaries given to in- 

 structors. We may, without serious error, 

 group all these salaries for all institutions. 

 The low-salaried institutions pay in the 

 main from $750 to $1,200, the others from 

 $750 to $1,500. It must be remembered 

 that some of the instructors in the larger 

 institutions included in these tables, though 

 carrying a full program of class teaching, 



are really of the apprentice type, engaged 

 in study for a higher degree. The in- 

 structor in these colleges is somewhat 

 better paid than the male teachers in Amer- 

 ican high schools. The median salary for 

 the latter is $900 ; the average salary, little 

 if any over $1,000; and the propoi'tion of 

 salaries at $500 to $900 much greater. It 

 is perhaps worthy of mention that the 

 salaries of the mechanics employed in uni- 

 versity shops and laboratories are distinctly 

 below the average instructor's salary in 

 the same institution. Fuller analysis of 

 the financial status of the instructor must 

 be delayed until enough individual life- 

 histories of college teachers are available 

 to permit the correlation of salary with 

 age, experience in teaching, and amount 

 of education received in preparation for 

 teaching. 



In the salaries attached to intermediate 

 grades, associate professors, and assistant 

 professors, institutions differ more widely. 

 The gradation is rather steady, so that any 

 grouping of the institutions has to be some- 

 what arbitrary, and its results are neces- 

 sarily less instructive. There are groups of 

 institutions with average salaries for the 

 intermediate grades of $1,200 to $1,400; 

 with average salaries of $1,488, $1,537 and 

 $1,571; with average salaries of $1,747 to 

 $2,076; and lastly the Harvard-Columbia 

 group with average salaries still higher. 



These summaries appear in Table II. 

 There are no clear "species" of teachers in 

 this grade from the fiscal point of view. 

 By reason of age, ability and differences in 

 the significance of the titles concerned, the 

 salaries spread from $1,000 to $4,000 with 

 no close grouping around specially frequent 

 salaries, save perhaps around $1,500 for 

 the colleges of moderate salary-schedules. 

 If the grade of associate professor had been 

 kept separate throughout, there would have 

 been a somewhat, but not much, closer 



